Protein Extraction from Triticale Distillers Grains

Abstract

Triticale is being actively explored as a feedstock for bioethanol production in Western Canada. Triticale distillers grains, an important coproduct of the bioethanol industry, are used mainly as animal feed. This study aims to develop methods of protein extraction from triticale distillers wet grains and distillers dried grains with solubles. Osborne fractionation showed low protein extractability because excessive protein denaturation occurred during sample preparation. Five methods were used to extract proteins: pH shifting, 60% ethanol, alkaline‐ethanol solution, glacial acetic acid, and enzyme‐aided extraction. Extracts obtained with the alkaline‐ethanol and glacial acetic acid methods showed comparatively higher protein contents (≈61–65%) when compared with the other extraction methods (≈35–57%). Enzyme‐aided extraction with Protex 6L yielded 75–82% protein at a content of 43–57%, depending on the types of raw materials. Establishing methods of protein extraction from triticale distillers grains would facilitate further studies on new uses of triticale proteins.

Exfoliating nanomaterials in canola protein derived adhesive improves strength and water resistance

“…2,7 Historically, casein, gelatin, blood and soy proteins were applied for various adhesive applications. 2,4,8 More recently, the possibility of using other protein sources such as wheat gluten, 9 cottonseed protein, 10 triticale protein, 5,11 and canola protein 7 were studied.…”

Proteins in dried distillers' grains with solubles: A review of animal feed value and potential non‐food uses

“…Gupta et al (2016) evaluated the differences in zein protein recovery using 13 different solvents (isopropanol, isoamyl alcohol, n‐butanol, isobutanol, 2,3‐butanediol, 1,4‐butanediol, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3‐dioxolane, 1,4‐dioxane, acetic acid, lactic acid, [emim]Ac, and [emim]Br) and found that isopropanol resulted in the highest extraction efficiency of 75%. Moreover, Bandara et al (2011) investigated the efficiencies of protein extraction from triticale‐DDGS using five methods (pH shifting, 60% ethanol, alkaline‐ethanol solution, glacial acetic acid, and enzyme‐aided extraction) and observed that the extracts obtained from alkaline‐ethanol and glacial acetic acid presented higher protein contents (61%–65%); however, the protein recovery was limited to 21%–23%. For sorghum‐DDGS, higher protein recovery of 44.2 and 56.8% were achieved using acetic acid and NaOH–ethanol treatment, respectively.…”

“…In general, DDGS is mixed with a specific amount of enzyme and incubated to allow certain level of protein hydrolysis at optimal pH. Then, the enzyme is deactivated, and the supernatant is separated from slurry through centrifugation and then subjected to precipitation (pH shifting) or freeze‐drying (Bandara et al, 2011; Cookman & Glatz, 2009; Sari et al, 2014). For triticale‐DDGS, 75%–82% protein recovery was obtained by enzyme‐Protex 6L treatment (Bandara et al, 2011).…”

“…Then, the enzyme is deactivated, and the supernatant is separated from slurry through centrifugation and then subjected to precipitation (pH shifting) or freeze‐drying (Bandara et al, 2011; Cookman & Glatz, 2009; Sari et al, 2014). For triticale‐DDGS, 75%–82% protein recovery was obtained by enzyme‐Protex 6L treatment (Bandara et al, 2011). Another study also showed that about 90% of protein could be extracted from corn‐DDGS with enzyme treatment (Cookman & Glatz, 2009).…”

Canola Protein: A Promising Protein Source for Delivery, Adhesive, and Material Applications

“…Sensitivity of proteins to pH, ionic strength, temperature, and processing conditions facilitates protein modifications to improve their functionality (Rajasekar et al, ). Several plant and animal protein sources have been explored in the past for adhesives development, including soy protein (Damodaran & Zhu, ; Kumar et al, ; Zhu & Damodaran, ), wheat gluten (WG) (Khosravi, Khabbaz, Nordqvist, & Johansson, ), CP (Bandara, ; Bandara et al, ; Bandara, Esparza, & Wu, ; Bandara & Wu, ; Bandara & Wu, ; Wang et al, ), cotton seed protein (Cheng, Dowd, & He, ; He, Chapital, Cheng, & Dowd, ), triticale protein (Bandara, Chen, & Wu, ; Bandara, Chen, & Wu, ), and spent hen proteins (Wang & Wu, ), among others.…”