Glacial hydrological system characterization using ground-penetrating radar

Moorman, Brian J.; Michel, Frederick A.

doi:10.1002/1099-1085(20001030)14:15<2645::aid-hyp84>3.0.co;2-2

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Englacial channels have been observed at many glaciers directly (Benn et al, 2009;Gulley & Benn, 2007) or using surface-based methods (Baelum & Benn, 2011;Moorman & Michel, 2000;Stuart et al, 2003). A channelized englacial network has not been directly observed at Helheim; however, its existence could explain observed surface lake drainage patterns (Everett et al, 2016) and flow speeds inside a firn aquifer located ∼60 km West from H3Y16 (Miller et al, 2018).…”

Section: Interpretation Of Meltwater Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Structure of Diurnal Englacial Hydrology Cycle at Helheim Glacier, East Greenland

Vaňková

Voytenko

Nicholls

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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The interior dynamics of Helheim Glacier were monitored using an autonomous phase‐sensitive radio‐echo sounder (ApRES) during two consecutive summers. The return signals from all observational sites exhibited strong non‐tidal, depth‐dependent diurnal variations. We show that these variations in the glacier interior can be explained by an englacial diurnal meltwater cycle: a data interpretation that assumes constant ice‐column composition through time leads to dynamical inconsistencies with concurrent observations from GPS and terrestrial radar. The observed diurnal meltwater cycle is spatially variable, both between different sites and in the vertical, consistent with the existence of a dense and complex englacial hydrologic network. Future applications of this observational technique could reveal long‐term meltwater behavior inside glaciers and ice sheets, leading to an improved understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of the basal boundary conditions needed to simulate them realistically.

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Section: Interpretation Of Meltwater Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Structure of Diurnal Englacial Hydrology Cycle at Helheim Glacier, East Greenland

Vaňková

Voytenko

Nicholls

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The climate of Bylot Island is dry and cold. A mean annual air temperature of −14 °C and a mean annual precipitation of approximate 225 mm have been locally recorded (Irvine‐Fynn, ; Moorman, ; Moorman and Michel, ). Local annual snow depths average less than 80 cm.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial conditions that contribute to the regeneration of Fountain Glacier proglacial icing, Bylot Island, Canada

2013

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Abstract:Proglacial icings are one of the most common forms of extrusive ice found in the Canadian Arctic. However, the icing adjacent to Fountain Glacier, Bylot Island, is unique due to its annual cycle of growth and decay, and perennial existence without involving freezing point depression of water due to chemical characteristics. Its regeneration depends on the availability of subglacial water and on the balance between ice accretion and hydro-thermal erosion. The storage and conduction of the glacial meltwater involved in the accretion of the icing were analyzed by conducting topographic and ground penetrating radar surveys in addition to the modelling of the subglacial drainage network and the thermal characteristics of the glacier base. The reflection power analysis of the geophysical data shows that some areas of the lower ablation zone have a high accumulation of liquid water, particularly beneath the centre part of the glacier along the main supraglacial stream. A dielectric permittivity model of the glacier -sediment interface suggests that a considerable portion of the glacier is warm based; allowing water to flow through unfrozen subglacial sediments towards the proglacial outwash plain. All these glacier-related characteristics contribute to the annual regeneration of the proglacial icing and allow for portions of the icing to be perennial.

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“…Technical settings are specified in Table 3. The signal was assumed to travel through ice at 0.16 m/ns ± 0.01 m/ns according to other studies performed in similar conditions (Gruber, Ludwig and Moore, 1996;Moorman and Michel, 2000;Descloitres et al, 1999). The depth of ice can be measured by recording the time lag between the emission and the reception of the signal (see Eq.…”

Section: Estimation Of Ice Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors proved to influence the DEM errors in other studies (Gorokhovich and Voustianiouk, 2006). To verify whether the DEMs used were welladjusted, the differences in altitude were computed against the reference area (DEM 2000-DEM 1955DEM 1997-DEM 1955and DEM 2002-DEM 1955.…”

Section: Adjustment and Correctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing high altitude glacier thickness, volume and area changes using field, GIS and remote sensing techniques: the case of Nevado Coropuna (Peru)

Peduzzi

Herold²,

Silverio

2010

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. Higher temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns have induced an acute decrease in Andean glaciers, thus leading to additional stress on water supply. To adapt to climate changes, local governments need information on the rate of glacier area and volume losses and on current ice thickness. Remote sensing analyses of Coropuna glacier (Peru) delineate an acute glaciated area decline between 1955 and 2008. We tested how volume changes can be estimated with remote sensing and GIS techniques using digital elevation models derived from both topographic maps and satellite images. Ice thickness was measured in 2004 using a Ground Penetrating Radar coupled with a Ground Positioning System during a field expedition. It provided profiles of ice thickness on different slopes, orientations and altitudes. These were used to model the current glacier volume using Geographical Information System and statistical multiple regression techniques. The results revealed a significant glacier volume loss; however the uncertainty is higher than the measured volume loss. We also provided an estimate of the remaining volume. The field study provided the scientific evidence needed by COPASA, a local Peruvian NGO, and GTZ, the German international cooperation agency, in order to alert local governments and communities and guide them in adopting new climate change adaptation policies.

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Glacial hydrological system characterization using ground-penetrating radar

Cited by 59 publications

References 27 publications

Vertical Structure of Diurnal Englacial Hydrology Cycle at Helheim Glacier, East Greenland

Vertical Structure of Diurnal Englacial Hydrology Cycle at Helheim Glacier, East Greenland

Glacial conditions that contribute to the regeneration of Fountain Glacier proglacial icing, Bylot Island, Canada

Assessing high altitude glacier thickness, volume and area changes using field, GIS and remote sensing techniques: the case of Nevado Coropuna (Peru)

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