Glacier change in the Cariboo Mountains, British Columbia, Canada (1952–2005)

Beedle, M. J.; Menounos, Brian; Wheate, Roger

doi:10.5194/tcd-8-3367-2014

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(249 reference statements)

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“…Surface air temperatures in the Canadian Columbia Basin warmed by 1.4 °C over the past century, and this warming primarily occurred during the 1930's and after 1980 (Murdock, Fraser, & Pearce, ). Most glaciers in western Canada and the United States have been retreating since the late 1800's with some glaciers advancing during the cool, wet period between 1950 and 1980 (Beedle, Menounos, & Wheate, ; Dyurgerov & Meier, ; Luckman, Harding, & Hamilton, ). Mass–balance data is available since the mid‐1960's for three glaciers in British Columbia, though none are within the Canadian Columbia Basin.…”

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining annual cryosphere storage contributions to streamflow using historical hydrometric records

Brahney

Menounos

Wei

et al. 2017

Hydrological Processes

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Alpine glaciers and perennial snow fields are important hydrologic elements in many mountain environments providing runoff during the late summer and during periods of drought. Because relatively long records of glacier mass–balance data are absent from many glacierized catchments, it remains unclear to what extent shrinking perennial snow and glaciers have affected runoff trends from these watersheds. Here, we employ a hydrograph separation technique that uses a double mass curve in an attempt to isolate changes in runoff due to glacier retreat and disappearance of perennial snow. The method is tested using hydrometric data from 20 glacierized and 16 nonglacierized catchments in the Columbia Basin of Canada. The resulting estimates on cryosphere storage contribution to streamflow were well correlated to other regional estimates on the basis of measurements as well as empirical and mechanistic models. Annual cryosphere runoff changed from +19 to −55% during the period 1975–2012, with an average decline of 26%. For August runoff, these changes ranged from +17 to −66%, with an average decrease of 24%. Reduction of cryosphere contributions to annual and late summer flows is expected to continue in the coming decades as glaciers and the perennial snow patches shrink. Our method to isolate changes in late summer cryospheric storage contributions can be used as a first order estimate on changes in glacier contributions to flow and may help researchers and water managers target watersheds for further analysis.

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Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining annual cryosphere storage contributions to streamflow using historical hydrometric records

Brahney

Menounos

Wei

et al. 2017

Hydrological Processes

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“…Direct observations provide one approach to evaluate the links between meteorological conditions that favour mass gain or loss (e.g., Andreassen, Van den Broeke, Giesen, & Oerlemans, 2008; Brock, Willis, & Sharp, 2000; Hock & Holmgren, 2005). Prior work examined the relationship between climate and winter accumulation using statistical (e.g., Trachsel & Nesje, 2015) and geodetic (e.g., Beedle, Menounos, & Wheate, 2015; Pelto, Menounos, & Marshall, 2019; Sold et al, 2013) methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of meteorological forcing and snow model complexity in winter glacier mass balance estimation, Columbia River basin, Canada

Mortezapour¹,

Menounos²,

Jackson³

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

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Glaciers are commonly located in mountainous terrain subject to highly variable meteorological conditions. High resolution meteorological (HRM) data simulated by atmospheric models can complement meteorological station observations in order to assess changes in glacier energy fluxes and mass balance. We examine the performance of two snow models, SnowModel and Alpine3D, forced by different meteorological data for winter mass balance simulations at four glaciers in the Canadian portion of the Columbia Basin. The Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) with resolution of 1 km and the North American Land Data Assimilation System with 12 km resolution, provide HRM data for the two snow models. Evaluation is based on the ability of the snow models to simulate snow depth at both point locations (automated snow weather stations) and over the entire glacier surface (airborne LiDAR [Light Detection and Ranging] surveys) during the 2015/2016 winter accumulation. When forced with HRM data, both models can reproduce snow depth to within ±15% of observed values. Both models underestimate winter mass balance when forced by HRM data. When driven with WRF data, SnowModel underestimates winter mass balance integrated over the glacier area by 1 and 10%, whilst Alpine3D underestimates winter mass balance by 12 and 22% compared with LiDAR and stake measurements, respectively. The overall results show that SnowModel forced by WRF simulated winter mass balance the best.

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A cultivated area forecasting approach in artificial oases under climate change and human activities

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2019

J. Arid Land

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The cultivated area in artificial oases is deeply influenced by global climate change and human activities. Thus, forecasting cultivated area in artificial oases under climate change and human activities is of great significance. In this study, an approach named GD-HM-PSWROAM, consisting of general circulation model downscaling (GD), hydrological model (HM), and planting structure and water resource optimal allocation model (PSWROAM), was developed and applied in the irrigation district of the Manas River Basin in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China to forecast the cultivated area tendency. Furthermore, the catchment export of the MIKE11 HD/NAM model was set to the Kensiwate hydrological station. The results show that the downscaling effects of temperature can be fairly satisfying, while those of precipitation may be not satisfying but acceptable. Simulation capacity of the MIKE11 HD/NAM model on the discharge in the Kensiwate hydrological station can meet the requirements of running the PSWROAM. The accuracy of the PSWROAM indicated that this model can perform well in predicting the change of cultivated area at the decadal scale. The cultivated area in the Manas River Basin under current human activities may be generally decreasing due to the climate change. But the adverse effects of climate change can be weakened or even eliminated through positive human activities. The cultivated area in the Manas River Basin may even be increasing under assumed human activities and future climate scenarios. The effects of human activities in the future can be generally predicted and quantified according to the cultivated area trends under current human activities and the situations in the study area. Overall, it is rational and acceptable to forecast the cultivated area tendency in artificial oases under future climate change and human activities through the GD-HM-PSWROAM approach.

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Glacier change in the Cariboo Mountains, British Columbia, Canada (1952–2005)

Cited by 3 publications

References 121 publications

Determining annual cryosphere storage contributions to streamflow using historical hydrometric records

Determining annual cryosphere storage contributions to streamflow using historical hydrometric records

The role of meteorological forcing and snow model complexity in winter glacier mass balance estimation, Columbia River basin, Canada

A cultivated area forecasting approach in artificial oases under climate change and human activities

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