Glacier fluctuations in the northern Patagonian Andes (44°S) imply wind-modulated interhemispheric in-phase climate shifts during Termination 1

Soteres, Rodrigo L.; Sagredo, Esteban A.; Kaplan, Michael R.; Martini, Mateo A.; Moreno, P. I.; Reynhout, Scott A.; Schwartz, Roseanne; Schaefer, Joerg M.

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-14921-4

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…For instance, 10 Be constraints from the outer moraine ridge-2 (13.6±0.3 ka) are consistent with 10 Be ages of 13.3±0.3 ka at Mid-Macaulay moraines (middle ridge) (Tekapo basin) in the Southern Alps (Putnam et al, 2010a). These ages are also in good agreement with the Río Tranquilo Glacier (47°S), central Patagonia, and Cerro Riñón Glacier (44°S), northern Patagonian Andes that readvanced at 13.7±0.5 ka and 13.5±0.4 ka respectively (Sagredo et al, 2018;Soteres et al, 2022). The youngest Late Glacial advance in the upper right tributary of the Ahuriri River valley (inner terminal moraine -12.6±0.2 ka) are overlapping in age with the 12.7±0.5 ka at the intermediate moraine in the outer part of Irishman Stream (Ōhau basin) in the Southern Alps (Kaplan et al, 2010).…”

Section: How Did the Ahuriri Glacier Respond To The Late Glacial Clim...supporting

confidence: 81%

“…My constraint from moraine belt-3 is in good agreement with glacier chronologies from southern mid-latitudes of South America (Patagonia) (Kaplan et al, 2008;García et al, 2019;Leger et al, 2021;Soteres et al, 2022) and Australia (Tasmania and Mt Kosciusko) (Barrows et al, 2002;Kiernan et al, 2004;Mackintosh et al, 2006) that indicate glacier advance at ~20 ka.…”

Section: -Ahuriri Terminal Moraine Belts (1 and 3) Outlier Sample Fro...supporting

confidence: 67%

“…For example, the main glacier lobe at Lago Palena/General Vintter basin in northern Patagonian Andes (44°S) reached its maximum extent at 19.7±0.7 ka and then underwent a large retreat until ~16.3 ka (Soteres et al, 2022). Glaciers in Tasmanian highlands were most extensive at 20.1±1.9 ka and then retreated significantly until 17.3±1.1 ka (Barrows et al, 2002).…”

Section: Early Cooling In the Late Glacialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Quaternary glacier-climate reconstructions from the Southern Alps, New Zealand

Tielidze¹

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One of the outstanding problems in modern geoscience is identifying the cause of past climate changes, particularly the drivers of rapid climate change during Quaternary glacial cycles. Changes in the physical geography of Earth’s surface during the Late Quaternary are mainly dependent on glacial dynamics – periods of rapid warming produced significant amounts of meltwater that reshaped the landscape, changed global sea-level and influenced climate. Identifying the timing of key climate transitions during past warming episodes, such as the last glacial termination, may help to understand the future evolution of Earth’s climate system (e.g. Denton et al., 2021). In this thesis, using geomorphological mapping and sixty-six cosmogenic 10Be surface exposure ages obtained from ice sculpted bedrock surfaces and deposited moraine landforms, I constrain the local Last Glacial Maximum and subsequent timing of last glacial termination in the Ahuriri River valley, Southern Alps, New Zealand (44°15′S, 169°36′E). Using the maximum elevation of lateral moraine (MELM) and accumulation area ratio (AAR) methods, along with application of a temperature lapse rate, I estimate the equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) and associated temperatures from the same periods. The largest glacial event in the Ahuriri River valley occurred at 19.8±0.3 ka when the former Ahuriri Glacier reached its maximum extent, which coincides with the global Last Glacial Maximum. By 16.7±0.3 ka, ice had retreated ~18 km up-valley from the LGM position and deglaciation was accompanied by the formation of a shallow proglacial lake. Surface exposure ages from moraines situated in a tributary of the upper Ahuriri River valley indicate that a subsequent advance of the palaeo glacier culminated at 14.5±0.3 ka, while the next readvance or still stand occurred at 13.6±0.3 ka. About 1000 yr later (12.6±0.2 ka), the former glacier built another prominent terminal moraine ridge in the lower section of the upper right tributary valley. Reconstructions of past glacier geometries indicate that the local ELA was depressed by ~880 m and climate was 5±1 °C colder than present (1981–2010) at 19.8±0.3 ka, while ELA was depressed by ~770 m and climate was 4.4±0.9 °C colder at 16.7±0.3 ka. Subsequent estimations suggest ELA elevations at 14.5±0.3 ka, 13.6±0.3 ka, and 12.6±0.2 ka were ≤700 m, ≤630 m, and ~360 m lower than today. This equates to air temperatures of ≤3.9 °C, ≤3.5 °C, and 2.3±0.7 °C colder than today, assuming no changes in past precipitation. The results reported here provide the first dataset of Late Quaternary glacial maximum extent and deglaciation along with quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions from the Ahuriri River valley, Southern Alps, New Zealand. The small amount of warming estimated in this study between 19.8±0.3 and 16.7±0.3 ka differs somewhat from glacial reconstructions in other major valleys in the Southern Alps, specifically from Rakaia River valley (e.g. Putnam et al., 2013a) where a much larger amount of warming may have occurred during the same time. Robust constraints of glacier changes in the Ahuriri valley between 14.5±0.3 and 12.6±0.2 ka confirm that an early glacier readvance occurred in New Zealand at this time, which has been previously recognised with only limited evidence (e.g. Kaplan et al., 2010; Putnam et al., 2010a). The reconstructed ELA suggests that the coldest part of the Late Glacial reversal occurred at 14.5±0.3 ka. The new constraints from glacial records in the Ahuriri River valley presented in this study offer the opportunity to test hypotheses about the climate system, to better understand the processes that drove ice retreat and readvance during the Last Glacial Maximum and subsequent termination.

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Section: How Did the Ahuriri Glacier Respond To The Late Glacial Clim...supporting

confidence: 81%

Section: -Ahuriri Terminal Moraine Belts (1 and 3) Outlier Sample Fro...supporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Early Cooling In the Late Glacialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Quaternary glacier-climate reconstructions from the Southern Alps, New Zealand

Tielidze¹

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“…Subsequently, the ice sheet underwent rapid deglaciation and separated into disconnected ice masses by 15 ka, followed by readvances or stabilisations of glaciers at 14-13 ka and 11 ka. These conclusions are supported by 10 Be exposure ages from moraines near Lago Palena on the border of Chile and Argentina (43.9 °S; 71.5 °W), which have 2σ errors on mean moraine ages of 0.8-1.4 ka (Sotores et al, 2022). This level of precision is similar to that (2σ values of 0.4-1.8 ka) reported for 3 He exposure dating of LGM and late-glacial moraines at Tongariro and Ruapehu volcanoes in New Zealand reported by Eaves et al (2016), Eaves et al (2019).…”

Section: Timing Of Deglaciationmentioning

confidence: 67%

An assessment of potential causal links between deglaciation and eruption rates at arc volcanoes

Conway

Pure²,

Ishizuka

2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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One of the fundamental questions that underpins studies of the interactions between the cryosphere and volcanism is: do causal relationships exist between the ice volume on a volcano and its eruption rate? In particular, it is critical to determine whether the decompression of crustal magma systems via deglaciation has resulted in enhanced eruption rates along volcanic arcs in the middle to high latitudes. Evidence for such a feedback mechanism would indicate that ongoing glacier retreat could lead to future increases in eruptive activity. Archives of eruption frequency, size, and style, which can be used to test whether magma generation and eruption dynamics have been affected by local ice volume fluctuations, exist in the preserved eruptive products of Pleistocene-Holocene volcanoes. For this contribution, we have reviewed time-volume-composition trends for 33 volcanoes and volcanic groups in arc settings affected by glaciation, based on published radiometric ages and erupted volumes and/or compositions of edifice-forming products. Of the 33 volcanic systems examined that have geochronological and volumetric data of sufficient resolution to compare to climatic changes since ∼250 ka, increases in apparent eruption rates during post-glacial periods were identified for 4, with unclear trends identified for a further 12. Limitations in the geochronological and eruption volume datasets of the case studies make it difficult to test whether apparent eruption rates are correlated with ice coverage. Major caveats are: 1) the potential for biased preservation and exposure of eruptive materials within certain periods of a volcano’s lifespan; 2) the relative imprecision of geochronological constraints for volcanic products when compared with high-resolution climate proxy records; 3) the reliance on data only from immediately before and after the Last Glacial Termination (∼18 ka), which are rarely compared with trends throughout the Pleistocene to test the reproducibility of eruptive patterns; and 4) the lack of consideration that eruption rates and magma compositions may be influenced by mantle and crustal processes that operate independently of glacial advance/retreat. Addressing these limitations will lead to improvements in the fields of geochronology, paleoclimatology, and eruption forecasting, which could make valuable contributions to the endeavours of mitigating future climate change and volcanic hazards.

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“…While much is known of the horizontal extent of the PIS (e.g. Glasser and Jansson, 2005;Davies et al, 2020;Leger et al 2021;García et al, 2021;Soteres et al, 2022), especially to the east of the current icefields, there are a number of clear gaps in our knowledge. First, there are very few constraints of its former vertical extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Steady-State Model Reconstruction of the Patagonian Ice Sheet During the Last Glacial Maximum

Glasser¹,

Harrison

Wolff³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Glacier fluctuations in the northern Patagonian Andes (44°S) imply wind-modulated interhemispheric in-phase climate shifts during Termination 1

Cited by 18 publications

References 66 publications

Late Quaternary glacier-climate reconstructions from the Southern Alps, New Zealand

Late Quaternary glacier-climate reconstructions from the Southern Alps, New Zealand

An assessment of potential causal links between deglaciation and eruption rates at arc volcanoes

A Steady-State Model Reconstruction of the Patagonian Ice Sheet During the Last Glacial Maximum

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