Glaciochemical reconnaissance of a new ice core from Severnaya Zemlya, Eurasian Arctic

Weiler, Karin; Fischer, Hubertus; Fritzsche, Diedrich; Ruth, Urs; Wilhelms, Frank; Miller, Heinz

doi:10.3189/172756505781829629

Cited by 27 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Hitherto existing results of AN ice-core analysis indicate that despite meltwater infiltration the AN ice core may be a key archive for the reconstruction of the Late Holocene climate and environmental history of the Eurasian Arctic Weiler et al, 2005;Opel et al, 2009). In this paper, we present stable water isotope and majorion records from the core section with a well established depth-age relationship, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far we have not identified more distinct nss sulfate signals that can be related to certain volcanic eruptions. As about 50 % of the sulfate in the AN ice core originates from sea salt before the anthropogenically influenced 20th century (Weiler et al, 2005), volcanic sulfate peaks might be masked in the screening data.…”

Section: Ice-core Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-resolution sampling (about 5 cm) for selected core sections was done by the same system or by cutting under clean conditions. The major-ion concentrations were determined using a Dionex IC20 ion chromatograph at the glaciochemistry laboratory of the AWI Bremerhaven (for details, see Weiler et al, 2005).…”

Section: Ice-core Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eurasian Arctic climate over the past millennium as recorded in the Akademii Nauk ice core (Severnaya Zemlya)

2013

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Abstract. Understanding recent Arctic climate change requires detailed information on past changes, in particular on a regional scale. The extension of the depth-age relation of the Akademii Nauk (AN) ice core from Severnaya Zemlya (SZ) to the last 1100 yr provides new perspectives on past climate fluctuations in the Barents and Kara seas region. Here, we present the easternmost high-resolution ice-core climate proxy records (δ 18 O and sodium) from the Arctic. Multiannual AN δ 18 O data as near-surface air-temperature proxies reveal major temperature changes over the last millennium, including the absolute minimum around 1800 and the unprecedented warming to a double-peak maximum in the early 20th century. The long-term cooling trend in δ 18 O is related to a decline in summer insolation but also to the growth of the AN ice cap as indicated by decreasing sodium concentrations. Neither a pronounced Medieval Climate Anomaly nor a Little Ice Age are detectable in the AN δ 18 O record. In contrast, there is evidence of several abrupt warming and cooling events, such as in the 15th and 16th centuries, partly accompanied by corresponding changes in sodium concentrations. These abrupt changes are assumed to be related to sea-ice cover variability in the Barents and Kara seas region, which might be caused by shifts in atmospheric circulation patterns. Our results indicate a significant impact of internal climate variability on Arctic climate change in the last millennium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ice-core Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eurasian Arctic climate over the past millennium as recorded in the Akademii Nauk ice core (Severnaya Zemlya)

2013

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“…However, the records are very noisy and suffer from disturbance owing to the percolation of meltwater, so it is hard to quantify the observed change. Finally, a record from Severnaya Zemlya, north of Russia at 958 E [25], shows a rapid increase in nitrate concentration in the 1960s, followed by a slower decline, and appears to be more closely related to regional emissions of NO x from the Siberian Arctic. Taken together all these records indicate that the Arctic atmosphere is strongly affected by anthropogenic NO x emissions originating further south, in line with understanding gained from studies of Arctic Haze [26].…”

Section: Ice-core Chemical Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice sheets and nitrogen

Wolff

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Snow and ice play their most important role in the nitrogen cycle as a barrier to land–atmosphere and ocean–atmosphere exchanges that would otherwise occur. The inventory of nitrogen compounds in the polar ice sheets is approximately 260 Tg N, dominated by nitrate in the much larger Antarctic ice sheet. Ice cores help to inform us about the natural variability of the nitrogen cycle at global and regional scale, and about the extent of disturbance in recent decades. Nitrous oxide concentrations have risen about 20 per cent in the last 200 years and are now almost certainly higher than at any time in the last 800 000 years. Nitrate concentrations recorded in Greenland ice rose by a factor of 2–3, particularly between the 1950s and 1980s, reflecting a major change in NO x emissions reaching the background atmosphere. Increases in ice cores drilled at lower latitudes can be used to validate or constrain regional emission inventories. Background ammonium concentrations in Greenland ice show no significant recent trend, although the record is very noisy, being dominated by spikes of input from biomass burning events. Neither nitrate nor ammonium shows significant recent trends in Antarctica, although their natural variations are of biogeochemical and atmospheric chemical interest. Finally, it has been found that photolysis of nitrate in the snowpack leads to significant re-emissions of NO x that can strongly impact the regional atmosphere in snow-covered areas.

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“…This ice core was drilled on the Akademii Nauk ice (Fritzsche et al, 2002Weiler et al, 2005). The ice core samples analyzed for this study covered the time period AD 200-350.…”

Section: Ice Core Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for analysis of vanillic acid in polar ice cores

2015

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Abstract. Biomass burning generates a wide range of organic compounds that are transported via aerosols to the polar ice sheets. Vanillic acid is a product of conifer lignin combustion, which has previously been observed in laboratory and ambient biomass burning aerosols. In this study a method was developed for analysis of vanillic acid in melted polar ice core samples. Vanillic acid was chromatographically separated using reversed-phase liquid chromatography (HPLC) and detected using electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Using a 100 µL injection loop and analysis time of 4 min, we obtained a detection limit of 77 ppt (parts per trillion by mass) and an analytical precision of ±10 %. Measurements of vanillic acid in Arctic ice core samples from the Siberian Akademii Nauk core are shown as an example application of the method.

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Glaciochemical reconnaissance of a new ice core from Severnaya Zemlya, Eurasian Arctic

Abstract: In addition, during recent decades sulphate and nitrate concentrations declined by 80% % and 60% %, respectively, reflecting a decrease in anthropogenic pollution of the Arctic basin.

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

Eurasian Arctic climate over the past millennium as recorded in the Akademii Nauk ice core (Severnaya Zemlya)

Eurasian Arctic climate over the past millennium as recorded in the Akademii Nauk ice core (Severnaya Zemlya)

Ice sheets and nitrogen

A method for analysis of vanillic acid in polar ice cores

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