Glaciohydraulic supercooling in Iceland

Roberts, Matthew J.; Tweed, Fiona S.; Russell, Andrew J.; Knudsen, Óskar; Lawson, Daniel E.; Larson, Grahame J.; Evenson, Edward B.; Björnsson, Helgi

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0439:gsii>2.0.co;2

Cited by 70 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…2004.12.009 below. Glaciohydraulic supercooling also has been documented along the margin of other glaciers flowing out of overdeepenings Evenson et al, 2001;Knudsen et al, 2001a,b;Roberts et al, 2002), and has been shown to be the mechanism by which debris-laden basal ice forms in the outlet glaciers of Vatnajö kull, Iceland (Roberts et al, 2002;Ebert, 2003). This paper reviews evidence for glaciohydraulic supercooling at the Matanuska Glacier, describes the debris-laden ice that occurs just above the glacier bed, and characterizes deposits and landscape formed through melting of that ice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Glaciohydraulic supercooling in former ice sheets?

et al. 2006

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Glaciohydraulic supercooling in former ice sheets?

et al. 2006

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“…The more restricted pseudostratified outcrops are potentially the rare products of melt-out from supercooled glacier ice, a notable feature of the Icelandic south coast glacier lobes (Cook et al, 2010;Cook, Graham, Swift, Midgeley, & Adam, 2011;Cook, Knight, Richard, Robinson, & Adam, 2007;Cook, Swift, Graham, & Midgley, 2011;Roberts et al, 2002), but predominantly the diamictons display features that are diagnostic of a subglacial traction till genesis such as fissility, compaction and reasonably strong clast macrofabrics (Evans, 2000(Evans, , 2017Evans et al, submitted;Evans, Phillips, Hiemstra, & Auton, 2006;Jónsson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Till and Moraines And Associated Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skaftafellsjökull, Iceland: glacial geomorphology recording glacier recession since the Little Ice Age

2017

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Citation for published item:ivnsD hvid tF eF nd iwertowskiD wrek nd yrtonD ghris @PHIUA 9kftfellsj¤ okullD selnd X glil geomorphology reording glier reession sine the vittle se egeF9D tournl of mpsFD IQ @PAF ppF QSVEQTVF Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. A 1:5700 scale map of the recently deglaciated foreland of Skaftafellsjökull, Iceland as it appeared in 2007, depicts a typical active temperate glacial landsystem with a clear pattern of sequentially changing push moraine morphologies, including remarkable hairpin-shaped moraines, indicative of spatial and temporal variability in process-form regimes in glacier sub-marginal settings. Similar to other Icelandic glacier forelands, this demonstrates that the piedmont glacier lobes of the region have developed strong longitudinal crevassing and well-developed ice-marginal pecten during their historical recession from the Little Ice Age maximum moraines, likely driven by extending ice flow and poorly drained sub-marginal conditions typical of the uncovering of overdeepenings. Additionally, the localized development of a linear tract of kame and kettle topography is interpreted as the geomorphic and sedimentary signature of thrust stacked and gradually melting debris-rich glacier ice, a feature hitherto unrecognized in the Icelandic active temperate lobe landsystem signature. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Supercooled water emerging at ice margins has been observed at many modern glaciers (e.g. Lawson et al, 1998;Evenson et al, 1999Evenson et al, , 2001Roberts et al, 2002), where it typically re-freezes trapping some sediment, and it has been suggested that supercooling also operated under large Pleistocene ice sheets (Larson et al, 2006).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A morphometric analysis of tunnel valleys in the eastern North Sea based on 3D seismic data

Kristensen

Huuse

Piotrowski

et al. 2007

J Quaternary Science

103

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O. R. 2007. A morphometric analysis of tunnel valleys in the eastern North Sea based on 3D seismic data.ABSTRACT: A 1250 km 2 3D seismic volume is used to provide a detailed spatial and geometrical analysis of fifteen Pleistocene tunnel valleys in the Danish North Sea. All the valleys are buried; they are up to 39 km long, 3-4 km wide and up to 350 m deep. The valleys are part of a vast tunnel valley province covering an area of some 0.5 million km 2 of the formerly glaciated lowland areas of North West Europe. The valleys consist of non-branching, non-anastomosing troughs; they exhibit strongly undulating bottom profiles with numerous sub-basins and thresholds, and are characterised by adverse end slopes. Cross-cutting relationships and theoretical considerations suggest the occurrence of seven major episodes of valley incision attributed to ice marginal oscillations within a few glacials. Calculations considering the valley end gradients and theoretical ice-surface profiles suggest that the valleys were formed by pressurised subglacial meltwater erosion. Given a range of theoretical ice-surface profiles, the adverse end slopes are well beyond the supercooling threshold, which suggests that the water was not in thermal equilibrium with the basal ice and that flow was concentrated in substantial conduits with sufficient mass and flux to maintain water temperature well above the freezing point.

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Glaciohydraulic supercooling in Iceland

Cited by 70 publications

References 13 publications

Glaciohydraulic supercooling in former ice sheets?

Glaciohydraulic supercooling in former ice sheets?

Skaftafellsjökull, Iceland: glacial geomorphology recording glacier recession since the Little Ice Age

A morphometric analysis of tunnel valleys in the eastern North Sea based on 3D seismic data

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