Glass Property-Composition Models for Support of Hanford WTP LAW Facility Operation

Vienna, John D.; Heredia-Langner, Alejandro; Cooley, Scott K.; Holmes, Aimee E.; Kim, Dong-Sang; Lumetta, Nicholas

doi:10.2172/1862823

Cited by 14 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Table 1 lists the maximum and minimum composition criteria for the glasses used in this study. The region bound by these criteria are within the acceptable composition region for LAW glasses and likely candidates to be processed in the WTP 24–26 . A centroid glass was prepared for the compositional range, also described in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The region bound by these criteria are within the acceptable composition region for LAW glasses and likely candidates to be processed in the WTP. [24][25][26] A centroid glass was prepared for the compositional range, also described in Table 1. For this study, variants of the centroid were prepared where a single oxide component (Al 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 , Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and SiO 2 ) was varied at-a-time relative to the centroid glass, consistent with the minima and maxima values for those component concentrations in the compositional range.…”

Section: Matrix Design and Glass Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is expected that low Si, low Al, and high Na glasses will have lower T g (see Table 5) and low viscosities. 24 As these glasses were all heated to 800 • C and held there prior to cooling, the glasses melted and began to creep up the walls of the crucibles. The change in sample geometry leads to an inaccurate measurement for the low Si, low Al, and high Na glasses as the sample thickness between the heat source and measurement thermocouple is no longer uniform and these data should be disregarded.…”

Section: Drop Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Heat capacity of complex aluminoborosilicate glasses

George

Sugawara

Ohira

et al. 2022

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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For nuclear waste vitrification in the Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) at the Hanford site, waste feed is charged into a continuously fed electric melter and the molten glass is poured into stainless steel containers to solidify. The heat from the molten glass must be removed from the facility within plant operating constraints, making knowledge of thermal properties of the waste glasses critical. The heat capacity of Hanford low‐activity waste glasses with systematic variations in composition were studied using complementary thermal analyses – power‐compensated differential scanning calorimetry (pcDSC) at 50–630°C, heat‐flux differential scanning calorimetry (hfDSC) at 200–800°C, and drop calorimetry at 600–1200°C. Variations of the heat capacity with composition have been observed around the transition temperature (Tg) and above, particularly when B2O3 and Al2O3 is varied. Above Tg, all glasses exhibit decreasing heat capacity with increasing temperature. A correlation was found between this curve and the fraction B[4]2O3 in glasses, suggesting boron coordination plays a role in this anomalous behavior. These measurements will be used as critical input to validate the heat balance calculations used for facility design and thus the overall operation of the WTP.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Matrix Design and Glass Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drop Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat capacity of complex aluminoborosilicate glasses

George

Sugawara

Ohira

et al. 2022

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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“…Instead, crucible-scale sulfur solubility tests have been used to augment melter test results to develop a compositional model. 14,[26][27][28][29][30][31] The model approach includes predicting sulfur solubility by the compositional model and then calculating melter tolerance values based on the correlation between the sulfur solubility and the melter tolerance. However, it is not clear how the two values are correlated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the cost and time required to perform melter tests, the directly measured melter tolerance data are limited. Instead, crucible‐scale sulfur solubility tests have been used to augment melter test results to develop a compositional model 14,26–31 . The model approach includes predicting sulfur solubility by the compositional model and then calculating melter tolerance values based on the correlation between the sulfur solubility and the melter tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of temperature on sulfur solubility in low‐activity waste glasses

Jin

Skidmore

Kruger

et al. 2022

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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Solubility of sulfur in glass melts has been studied to estimate the maximum sulfur tolerance in nuclear waste glass melter operations. Sulfur solubility data at various temperatures are needed to investigate the possible sulfate segregation in different stages of the melting process. In this work, a crucible salt saturation method was applied to measure the sulfur solubility in three low-activity glasses at different temperatures ranging from 950 • C to 1200 • C. The results show that temperature has little impact on sulfur solubility, with one exception that the sulfur solubility increases slightly from 950 • C to 1100 • C. The temperature effect of solubility data using SO 2 /O 2 gas and sulfate salt as the sulfur source are compared. The decreased melter tolerance with decreasing temperature is likely caused by multiple factors including sulfur solubility.

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Unveiling the effect of composition on nuclear waste immobilization glasses’ durability by nonparametric machine learning

Song,

Lu,

Wang

et al. 2024

npj Mater Degrad

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Ensuring the long-term chemical durability of glasses is critical for nuclear waste immobilization operations. Durable glasses usually undergo qualification for disposal based on their response to standardized tests such as the product consistency test or the vapor hydration test (VHT). The VHT uses elevated temperature and water vapor to accelerate glass alteration and the formation of secondary phases. Understanding the relationship between glass composition and VHT response is of fundamental and practical interest. However, this relationship is complex, non-linear, and sometimes fairly variable, posing challenges in identifying the distinct effect of individual oxides on VHT response. Here, we leverage a dataset comprising 654 Hanford low-activity waste (LAW) glasses across a wide compositional envelope and employ various machine learning techniques to explore this relationship. We find that Gaussian process regression (GPR), a nonparametric regression method, yields the highest predictive accuracy. By utilizing the trained model, we discern the influence of each oxide on the glasses’ VHT response. Moreover, we discuss the trade-off between underfitting and overfitting for extrapolating the material performance in the context of sparse and heterogeneous datasets.

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Glass Property-Composition Models for Support of Hanford WTP LAW Facility Operation

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Heat capacity of complex aluminoborosilicate glasses

Heat capacity of complex aluminoborosilicate glasses

Impacts of temperature on sulfur solubility in low‐activity waste glasses

Unveiling the effect of composition on nuclear waste immobilization glasses’ durability by nonparametric machine learning

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