Glasses as Nonlinear Photonic Materials

Abstract

The success of photonic switching depends on the development of the materials and devices that are capable of processing light signals without converting them to electronic forms. Glasses are promising materials for these all-optical devices because of their fast-responding nonlinearities and low absorption. The aim of this paper is to apprise the ceramic community of the development of nonlinear optics research. The relative merits and trade-offs of glasses as nonlinear photonic material are discussed.[

Sol-Gel Preparation and Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity of Amorphous Bi₂O₃-TiO₂ and Nb₂O₅-TiO₂ Films

“…Just like the Bi2O3-TiO2 films, the heat treatment at higher temperature caused the den sification of the films, resulting in higher (3). The (3) calcu lated for fully dense films is in the middle range of 10-12 esu, and the largest was 7.110-12, which is comparable with that of As2S3 chalcogenide glass of large (3). The in crease of Nb2O5 content slightly lowers the calculated values.…”

“…For the Bi2O3-TiO2 system, after the heat treatment from 300 to 500, amorphous and residual organics-free oxide films were obtained. The (3) ranges in the order of 10-12 esu although the films have high porosity. It was expected that fully dense amorphous Bi2O3-TiO2 compositions could have quite large (3) in the range of 101 esu, which is the largest among amorphous oxides.…”

“…The (3) ranges in the order of 10-12 esu although the films have high porosity. It was expected that fully dense amorphous Bi2O3-TiO2 compositions could have quite large (3) in the range of 101 esu, which is the largest among amorphous oxides. For the Nb2O5-TiO2 sys tem, even the heat treatment at 500 caused crystallization for some films with keeping transparency.…”

“…Generally, large third-order optical susceptibility (3)) is observed in the materials with high refractive index. Thus, many efforts have been devoted to the preparation of the glasses with large refractive index.1-3) The largest for the bulk transparent glasses is in the order of 10-12 esu.1) Many of those glasses were prepared by traditional melting and quenching technique, and glass composition is limited by the several factors such as the stability and the viscosity of supercooled liquid and quenching rate.…”

Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Sulfide Glasses

“…Figure 6 shows the dependence of ƒÔ (3) The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the La2S3 Ga2S3 binary and MS-La2S3-Ga2S3 (MS=PbS, Ag2S and Na2S) ternary glasses were measured by THG method and discussed in relation to linear refractive index, optical band gap and hyperpolarizability of structural units of the glasses. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) The …”