Glaucoma associated with uveitis

Moorthy, Ramana S.; Mermoud, André; Baerveldt, George; Minckler, Don S.; Lee, Paul P.; Rao, Narsing A.

doi:10.1016/s0039-6257(97)00006-4

Cited by 233 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…Anterior uveitis is the most common form of intraocular inflammation; it is also the most common cause of high IOP in uveitis. 1 Well-known causes of increased IOP are herpetic anterior uveitis, Posner-Schlossman syndrome, sarcoid uveitis, toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, listeria endophthalmitis, syphilitic uveitis, cytomegalovirus infection, HLA-B27-associated uveitis, and others. 2 Several mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of increased IOP in the presence of inflammation, including obstruction of the trabecular meshwork by inflammatory cells and proteins by breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier, 3 trabeculitis, 4 formation of peripheral anterior synechiae, posterior synechiae, 1 neovascularization, 5 anterior displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm, 6 and the use of steroids to treat the uveitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on intraocular pressure in anterior uveitis

Kim

Park

Choi

et al. 2012

Eye

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on intraocular pressure in anterior uveitis

Kim

Park

Choi

et al. 2012

Eye

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“…1 The condition becomes more challenging when the elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is unresponsive to medical treatment. To improve the surgical outcome of these cases, alternative approaches such as trabeculectomy with antiproliferative agents, 2-7 aqueous drainage devices with or without trabeculectomy, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] trabeculodialysis, 15,16 and transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation 17 have been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ahmed valve implantation in glaucoma secondary to chronic uveitis

Özdal

Vianna

Deschênes

2005

Eye

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Ahmed valve implantation in glaucoma secondary to chronic uveitis PÇ Ö zdal, RNG Vianna and J Deschê nes AbstractPurpose To evaluate the efficacy of Ahmed valve (AV) implantation in patients with uveitic glaucoma. Methods In total, 18 patients (19 eyes) with glaucoma secondary to chronic uveitis, who underwent AV implantation were retrospectively reviewed. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and glaucoma medications at the most recent examination prior to surgery, were compared with those of last postoperative examination. The surgical success was defined as IOP less than 21 mmHg and greater than 4 mmHg without loss of light perception and visually devastating complications at the last postoperative examination. Decrease in the number of glaucoma medications was also a criterion for surgical success. Results The mean follow-up period was 2679.7 months. The mean preoperative and postoperative IOPs were 33.379.7 (range, 20-57) mmHg and 17.3710.8 (range, 6-40) mmHg respectively (Po0.0001). The mean number of antiglaucoma medications was 3.570.8 (range, 2-5) preoperatively and 1.471.3 (range, 0-4) postoperatively (Po0.0001). Valve occlusion (five eyes, 26.3%) was the most commonly observed complication. Surgical success was achieved in 13 eyes (68.4%). The cumulative probability of success was 94.4% at 1 year and 60% at 2 years. Five eyes (26.3%) with IOP greater than 21 mmHg and one (5.3%) with corneal decompensation requiring penetrating keratoplasty were considered as failures. Conclusions The implantation of AV is an effective surgical procedure for the management of uveitic glaucoma. The inflammatory background might contribute to the occurrence of valve occlusion, which is the most common complication. Prevention of this complication is an essential factor for improving the surgical outcome.

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“…The term 'uveitic glaucoma' may be used only when uveitis is associated with elevated IOP, glaucomatous optic nerve damage and/or glaucomatous visual field defects. 5 First international SUN workshop reached a consensus that the term glaucoma should not be considered synonymous with elevated intraocular pressure in a patient with uveitis, but that it should be reserved for those situations where there is either observed glaucomatous disk damage or demonstrated visual field loss. The term elevated intraocular pressure should be used for those situations where there is an intraocular pressure above a defined normal range or when there is an increase in intraocular pressure from baseline during a study with longitudinal data.…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52 Probable sites of leakage include disrupted ciliary epithelium, dilated iris and ciliary body vessels and microneovascular changes. 5,6 The elevated protein content can result in aqueous sludging, compromise of aqueous outflow and an increase in IOP. Cadaver studies confirm that elevated aqueous protein content does increase outflow resistance and that this may be more than a simple mechanical effect related to higher viscosity.…”

Section: Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Critical Review

Mahajan¹,

Venkatesh²,

Garg³

2011

JOCGP

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Raised intraocular pressure is a frequently encountered complication of uveitis. Intraocular homeostasis, maintained by the impermeable blood-ocular barrier, is important to guarantee optimal visual function. During uveitis breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier occurs, allowing the influx of proteins as well as inflammatory and immunocompetent cells. The combination of action of inflammatory cells and the mediators they release; and the chronic corticosteroid therapy used to treat the uveitis can participate in the pathogenesis of uveitic glaucoma. These factors alter the normal anatomic structure of the anterior chamber and angle. Management of uveitic glaucoma may be difficult because of the numerous mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis and is guided by careful delineation of the pathophysiology involved in each individual case. This article reviews, in detail, the pathogenesis of uveitic glaucoma and its therapies, with emphasis on the recent developments in the subject.

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Glaucoma associated with uveitis

Cited by 233 publications

References 204 publications

The effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on intraocular pressure in anterior uveitis

The effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on intraocular pressure in anterior uveitis

Ahmed valve implantation in glaucoma secondary to chronic uveitis

Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Critical Review

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