Glaucoma: Current and Developing Concepts for Inflammation, Pathogenesis and Treatment

Kumarasamy, N.; Lam, Fc; Wang, A.L.; Theoharides, T.C.

doi:10.1177/1721727x0600400301

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Glaucoma is second leading cause of blindness worldwide. 1 Characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and optic nerve fibers, leading to gradual deterioration of visual field. If untreated, it can lead to irreversible blindness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Topical Calcium Channel Blockers on Intraocular Pressure in Steroid-induced Glaucoma

Ganekal¹,

Dorairaj²,

Jhanji³

et al. 2014

Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice

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Purpose: To evaluate the effect of 0.125% verapamil and 0.5% diltiazem eye drops on intraocular pressure (IOP) in steroid-induced glaucoma in rabbit eyes.Methods: A total of 18 rabbits with steroid-induced glaucoma were divided into three groups (A, B and C; n = 6 each). Right eyes in groups A, B and C received 0.5% diltiazem, 0.125% verapamil and 0.5% timolol eye drops twice daily for 12 days, respectively; whereas, left eyes received distilled water. IOP was measured with Tono-pen XL at baseline, day 4, day 8, and day 12 of treatment.Results: Both 0.5% diltiazem and 0.125% verapamil eye drops significantly reduced IOP compared to control eyes (p < 0.05). Reduction of IOP by 0.5% diltiazem, 0.125% verapamil eye drops were comparable to 0.5% timolol. No surface toxicity or systemic side effects were noted during the study period.Conclusion: Calcium channel blockers, verapamil, and diltia-zem significantly reduced IOP in rabbiteyes. This group of drugs may have a potential role in treatment of glaucomaHow to cite this article: Ganekal S, Dorairaj S, Jhanji V, Kudlu K. Effect of Topical Calcium Channel Blockers on Intraocular Pressure in Steroid-induced Glaucoma. J Current Glau Prac 2014;8(1):15-19.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Topical Calcium Channel Blockers on Intraocular Pressure in Steroid-induced Glaucoma

Ganekal¹,

Dorairaj²,

Jhanji³

et al. 2014

Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice

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“…Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide 1 . It affects 60 million people globally and is responsible for 12% of global blindness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Of Pseudophakic Glaucoma In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Pakistan

Fasih¹,

Shahid²,

Shaikh³

2020

pak J Ophthalmol

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Purpose: To evaluate the frequency, causes and management of pseudophakic glaucoma among the pseudophakic patients presenting in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Pakistan, from August 2017 to June 2018. Material and Methods: Adult patients between 50 to 70 years of age with pseudophakic glaucoma were included in the study by non-probability convenience sampling after institutional review board approval. Patients with primary open angle, primary angle closure, traumatic glaucoma, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were excluded. Pseudophakic glaucoma was labeled in case of cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation and intraocular pressure > 21 mmHg or more in one eye along with glaucomatous optic disc or retinal nerve fiber layer defect on OCT (optical coherence tomography). Frequencies were computed for categorical variables. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 20. Results: Twenty-eight eyes with pseudophakic glaucoma were studied. There were 15 (53.57%) males. Mean age was 63 ± 10.4 SD years. Mean IOP was 30.78 ± 7.5 mm Hg. Patients with extracapsular cataract extraction were 18 (64.2%) and 10 (35.8%) had phacoemulsification. Most frequent cause was posterior capsular rupture (n = 16, 57.1%) followed by pupillary block, (n = 4, 14.2%) and UGH (n = 3, 10.7%). Medical treatment was successful in 20 (71.4%) and surgical treatment was done in 8 patients. Conclusion: Most common causes of pseudophakic glaucoma are posterior capsular rupture, vitreous loss, uveitis and pupillary block. Pseudophakic glaucoma is more common with anterior chamber intraocular lenses and extracapsular cataract extraction.

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“…[1][2][3] Glaucoma is characterized by slow progressive degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the optic nerve axons, leading to increase in deterioration of the visual field. [3][4][5][6] For treatment of glaucoma in this study we use timolol maleate as drug in combination with various different polymers (xanthan gum, gellan gum,carbopol 974P to enhance the bioavailabilty of drug [7][8][9][10] .Recently, much research has been dedicated to mucoadhesive polymers i.e. macromolecules capable of retaining the medication in the precorneal area not only by viscosity effects, but also by establishing physicochemical interactions with the mucin layer covering the corneal epithelium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Ophthalmic Gel Forming Polymers on the Drug Release of Timolol Maleate

Mahlawat¹,

Virmani²,

Virmani³

et al. 2018

Int Res J Pharm

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In this research work we have seen the effect of different polymers (Xanthan gum, carbopol, gellan gum) on in-vitro release profile of timolol maleate. Ophthalmic drug delivery is the best route of administration for the topical action at the ocular site. The main aim of designing a therapeutic system is to achieve the optimal concentration of a drug entity at the active site for the appropriate duration. Optimum rheological properties of gels increase the contact time by reducing the clearance due to the mucoadhesive property of the polymer used. Mostly gels exhibit pseudoplasticity; they cannot be easily delivered to the eye. The phase transition in the in-situ forming gel preparation can be induced by a pH shift as in case of Xanthan gum and by the presence of the de acetylated gellan gum). From this comparison studies we concluded that xanthan gum in a concentration of 0.4%w/v show the maximum drug release of timolol maleate and other parameters also it shows the best results. Thus, from experimental data, it is clear that the gellan gum and Carbopol can be replaced by xanthan gum polymer in gel forming solution. The viscosity of the formulation is also between the limits and can be tolerable by our eye which is further compared with innovator sample of gellan gum which shows 106cps at 90 RPM.

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Glaucoma: Current and Developing Concepts for Inflammation, Pathogenesis and Treatment

Cited by 23 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of Topical Calcium Channel Blockers on Intraocular Pressure in Steroid-induced Glaucoma

Effect of Topical Calcium Channel Blockers on Intraocular Pressure in Steroid-induced Glaucoma

Frequency Of Pseudophakic Glaucoma In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Pakistan

Comparative Analysis of Ophthalmic Gel Forming Polymers on the Drug Release of Timolol Maleate

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