Gliotoxin Isolated from Marine Fungus Aspergillus sp.  Induces Apoptosis of Human Cervical Cancer and Chondrosarcoma Cells

Nguyen, Van-Tinh; Lee, Jung-Suck; Qian, Zhong‐Ji; Li, Yongxin; Kim, Kil-Nam; Heo, Soo‐Jin; Jeon, You‐Jin; Park, Won Sun; Choi, Il‐Whan; Je, Jae‐Young; Jung, Won‐Kyo

doi:10.3390/md12010069

Cited by 75 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…S8A). The fungal toxin gliotoxin has been shown to trigger apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway (18). Similar to TNF + AD, gliotoxin triggered caspase-3 activation in a temperature-dependent manner (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Two interferon-independent double-stranded RNA-induced host defense strategies suppress the common cold virus at warm temperature

Foxman

Storer

Vanaja

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Most strains of rhinovirus (RV), the common cold virus, replicate better at cool temperatures found in the nasal cavity (33-35°C) than at lung temperature (37°C). Recent studies found that although 37°C temperature suppressed RV growth largely by engaging the type 1 IFN response in infected epithelial cells, a significant temperature dependence to viral replication remained in cells devoid of IFN induction or signaling. To gain insight into IFN-independent mechanisms limiting RV replication at 37°C, we studied RV infection in human bronchial epithelial cells and H1-HeLa cells. During the single replication cycle, RV exhibited temperature-dependent replication in both cell types in the absence of IFN induction. At 37°C, earlier signs of apoptosis in RV-infected cells were accompanied by reduced virus production. Furthermore, apoptosis of epithelial cells was enhanced at 37°C in response to diverse stimuli. Dynamic mathematical modeling and B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) overexpression revealed that temperature-dependent host cell death could partially account for the temperature-dependent growth observed during RV amplification, but also suggested additional mechanisms of virus control. In search of a redundant antiviral pathway, we identified a role for the RNA-degrading enzyme RNAseL. Simultaneous antagonism of apoptosis and RNAseL increased viral replication and dramatically reduced temperature dependence. These findings reveal two IFN-independent mechanisms active in innate defense against RV, and demonstrate that even in the absence of IFNs, temperature-dependent RV amplification is largely a result of host cell antiviral restriction mechanisms operating more effectively at 37°C than at 33°C. apoptosis | RNaseL | innate immunity | rhinovirus | respiratory immunity I n the 1960s, rhinoviruses (RVs) were first cultured from patient samples and shown to cause acute upper respiratory infections (a.k.a. common colds). Early work showed that RV isolates replicated best in culture when incubated at temperatures slightly cooler than core body temperature (33-35°C) (1, 2). This observation fit with the role of RV as a cause of disease in the nasal cavity, but not the lungs, as the nasal cavity is cooled by inhalation of environmental air, but the lungs are generally considered to be at core body temperature (37°C). The primary target cells of RV infection are the airway epithelial cells that line the respiratory tract. Similar to all cells of the body, airway epithelial cells are equipped with a cell-intrinsic innate immune system that can sense the presence of a viral infection, using pattern recognition receptors such as toll-like receptors (TLRs) and RIG-I like receptors (RLRs), and can respond to the infection by inducing antiviral effector mechanisms (3). Recently, we used mouse primary airway cells and a mouse-adapted RV to show that replicating RV is recognized by the RLRs within airway epithelial cells, leading to two innate immune signaling events that occur more robustly at warm temperature than at cool temperatu...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Two interferon-independent double-stranded RNA-induced host defense strategies suppress the common cold virus at warm temperature

Foxman

Storer

Vanaja

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…HCl was used at a final concentration of 100 mM (mock). In addition, as gliotoxin has been reported to induce cell apoptosis (17,18), we used chloroform to extract any gliotoxin from the GG preparation by HPLC and quantify it, as described previously (19). Briefly, 10 mg GG fraction was resuspended in 10 mM HCl (2ml) and extracted twice by 1 ml chloroform.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Polysaccharide Virulence Factor of a Human Fungal Pathogen Induces Neutrophil Apoptosis via NK Cells

Robinet

Baychelier

Fontaine

et al. 2014

The Journal of Immunology

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Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that sheds galactosaminogalactan (GG) into the environment. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and NK cells are both part of the first line of defense against pathogens. We recently reported that GG induces PMN apoptosis. In this study, we show that PMN apoptosis occurs via a new NK cell–dependent mechanism. Reactive oxygen species, induced by the presence of GG, play an indispensable role in this apoptotic effect by increasing MHC class I chain–related molecule A expression at the PMN surface. This increased expression enables interaction between MHC class I chain–related molecule A and NKG2D, leading to NK cell activation, which in turn generates a Fas-dependent apoptosis-promoting signal in PMNs. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the crosstalk between PMNs and NK cells is essential to GG-induced PMN apoptosis. NK cells might thus play a role in the induction of PMN apoptosis in situations such as unexplained neutropenia or autoimmune diseases.

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“…The high carbohydrate content (64.00% dry weight.) in Caulerpa lentillifera was reported by Nguyen [21].…”

Section: Carbohydrates Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Compositions of Seaweeds Collected from Olaikuda and Vadakkadu, Rameshwaram, Southeast Coast of India

Roy¹,

Anantharaman²

2017

J Marine Sci Res Dev

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Some seaweed has been used as an important source of commercial application of phycocolloids, agar, and alginate consequently some seaweeds have also been utilized as food and food ingredients due to their high nutritive compositions such as carbohydrates, protein, lipid, amino acids, fatty acids, fibre and minerals. In different countries, including India, seaweeds are gradually taking place as food items in the market, so their biochemical components analysis will decipher their nutritional implications. In this investigation, total 33 species of seaweeds were collected from the southeast coast of India and analyzed for their biochemical composition such as carbohydrate including glucose and starch, protein and lipid. The carbohydrate content varied from 15.20 ± 0.69 mg/gm dry weight (Padina boergesenii) to 97.69 ± 2.3 mg/gm dry wt (Gracilaria edulis). The carbohydrate content of red seaweeds was comparably higher than green and brown seaweeds. The protein content was minimum in Cystoseira indica (76.23 ± 0.21 mg/gm dry wt) and maximum in Amphiroa anceps (96.06 ± 0.95 mg/gm dry wt) and lipid content was comparatively high in Valoniopsis pachynema (82.33 ± 2.51 mg/gm dry wt) and Caulerpa racemosa (81.06 ± 0.37 mg/gm dry wt). The glucose content was high in Digenea simplex (0.78 ± 0.004 mg/gm dry wt) followed by Laurencia papillosa (0.61 ± 0.08 mg/gm dry wt) likewise starch content was also high in Digenea simplex (0.72 ± 0.01 mg/gm dry wt) and Laurencia papillosa (0.54 ± 0.00 mg/gm dry wt). From this study, it was concluded that the above mentioned seaweeds will be used as food after further more detailed analysis of the other biochemical components.

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Gliotoxin Isolated from Marine Fungus Aspergillus sp. Induces Apoptosis of Human Cervical Cancer and Chondrosarcoma Cells

Cited by 75 publications

References 32 publications

Two interferon-independent double-stranded RNA-induced host defense strategies suppress the common cold virus at warm temperature

Two interferon-independent double-stranded RNA-induced host defense strategies suppress the common cold virus at warm temperature

A Polysaccharide Virulence Factor of a Human Fungal Pathogen Induces Neutrophil Apoptosis via NK Cells

Biochemical Compositions of Seaweeds Collected from Olaikuda and Vadakkadu, Rameshwaram, Southeast Coast of India

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