Global action, but national results: strengthening pathways towards better health outcomes for non-communicable diseases

Magnusson, Roger; Patterson, David

doi:10.1080/09581596.2019.1693029

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Whilst mandatory regulatory mechanisms are a stronger approach, there has been less systematic examination of their design. Magnusson and Patterson state that laws are a necessary mechanism to combat NCDs and meet global commitments such as the WHO Set of Recommendations and the Global Action Plan on NCDs [ 31 – 33 ]. However, legal capacity is lacking in many countries, and sharing best practices and lessons learned from other governments is imperative for capacity building [ 32 – 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing legislative responses to restrict children’s exposure to unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing: a case study analysis of Chile, Canada and the United Kingdom

Sing

Reeve

Backholer³

et al. 2022

Global Health

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Introduction Introducing legislation that restricts companies from exposing children to marketing of unhealthy food and beverage products is both politically and technically difficult. To advance the literature on the technical design of food marketing legislation, and to support governments around the world with legislative development, we aimed to describe the legislative approach from three governments. Methods A multiple case study methodology was adopted to describe how three governments approached designing comprehensive food marketing legislation (Chile, Canada and the United Kingdom). A conceptual framework outlining best practice design principles guided our methodological approach to examine how each country designed the technical aspects of their regulatory response, including the regulatory form adopted, the substantive content of the laws, and the implementation and governance mechanisms used. Data from documentary evidence and 15 semi-structured key informant interviews were collected and synthesised using a directed content analysis. Results All three countries varied in their legislative design and were therefore considered of variable strength regarding the legislative elements used to protect children from unhealthy food marketing. When compared against the conceptual framework, some elements of best practice design were present, particularly relating to the governance of legislative design and implementation, but the scope of each law (or proposed laws) had limitations. These included: the exclusion of brand marketing; not protecting children up to age 18; focusing solely on child-directed marketing instead of all marketing that children are likely to be exposed to; and not allocating sufficient resources to effectively monitor and enforce the laws. The United Kingdom’s approach to legislation is the most comprehensive and more likely to meet its regulatory objectives. Conclusions Our synthesis and analysis of the technical elements of food marketing laws can support governments around the world as they develop their own food marketing restrictions. An analysis of the three approaches illustrates an evolution in the design of food marketing laws over time, as well as the design strengths offered by a legislative approach. Opportunities remain for strengthening legislative responses to protect children from unhealthy food marketing practices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing legislative responses to restrict children’s exposure to unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing: a case study analysis of Chile, Canada and the United Kingdom

Sing

Reeve

Backholer³

et al. 2022

Global Health

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“…In the following report in 2018 by WHO, NCDs are important health concern in the Islamic Republic of Iran, whereby the annual death rate from NCDs represents about 82% of the total mortality in the country. [ 5 6 7 8 9 10 ] Reports provided by various organizations in Iran indicate that the daily consumption of salt intake is almost twice the level recommended by WHO. [ 11 12 13 ] Moreover, a research by the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (Iran) indicated that in 2016, the mean sodium intake level by adults in Tehran was more than 3,700 mg/day, which is considerably higher than the permitted level of sodium intake recommended by WHO, i.e ., 2,300 mg/day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of the salt (NaCl) Contents of Traditional Breads in Tehran, 2016[FIGURE DASH]2018

Hadian

Shabani

Reihani

et al. 2022

International Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Background: Considering the importance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Iran, the aim of this study is to identify the trend in the salt (NaCl) levels of various types of traditional bread (sangak, barbari, taftoon, and lavash breads) in Tehran in 2016 and 2018 and its implication for public health. Methods: A total of 777 samples of various traditional breads were randomly collected from various districts located in Tehran in 2018. The salt content (expressed as g/100 g dry weight) in these breads were determined according to Volhard method. Results from this study were compared with those reported in 2016. Results: The present study indicated that the mean salt content in traditional breads in 2018 was significantly higher than that reported in 2016. Salt content in traditional breads collected in 2018 ranged from 0.03 to 6.52/100 g dry weight, with mean value of 1.43 g/100 g dry weight. When comparing with the permitted limit set by Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI), there was an increase in the percentage of samples complying with the permitted limit; 50.8% (2016) vs 54.1% (2018). Conclusions: The daily salt intake increased from 1.56 g per person in 2016 to 2.31 g per person in 2018. Considering the high bread per capita consumption in Iran, it seems that half of the daily recommended salt intake could be reached exclusively through breads. Hence, the main strategies for salt intake reduction from bread could be achieved through evaluation of salt reduction programs and development of technological factors in bread baking.

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“…Magnusson and Patterson state that laws are a necessary mechanism to combat NCDs and meet global commitments such as the WHO Set of Recommendations and the Global Action Plan on NCDs. (25)(26)(27) However, legal capacity is lacking in many countries, and sharing best practices and lessons learned from other governments is imperative for capacity building. (26)(27)(28) For example, in Chile, policymakers had no relevant precedent to follow for technical development of the regulation and had to look to tobacco control laws for assistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(25)(26)(27) However, legal capacity is lacking in many countries, and sharing best practices and lessons learned from other governments is imperative for capacity building. (26)(27)(28) For example, in Chile, policymakers had no relevant precedent to follow for technical development of the regulation and had to look to tobacco control laws for assistance. (29) To advance the literature on the technical design of food marketing legislation, and to support governments around the world with legislative design, we aimed to describe the legislative approach from three governments (Chile, Canada and United Kingdom (UK)) that have introduced legislative Bills, two of which passed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing legislative responses to restrict children’s exposure to unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing: a case study analysis of Chile, Canada and the United Kingdom

Sing

Reeve

Backholer

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Introducing legislation that restricts companies from exposing children to marketing of unhealthy food and beverage products is both politically and technically difficult. To advance the literature on the technical design of food marketing legislation, and to support governments around the world with legislative development, we aimed to describe the legislative approach from three governments. Methods A multiple case study methodology was adopted to describe how three governments approached designing comprehensive food marketing legislation (Chile, Canada and the United Kingdom). A theoretical framework outlining best practice design principles guided our methodological approach to examine how each country designed the technical aspects of their regulatory response, including the regulatory form adopted, the substantive content of the laws, and the implementation and governance mechanisms used. Data from documentary evidence and 15 semi-structured key informant interviews were collected and synthesised using a directed content analysis. Results All three countries varied in their legislative design and were therefore considered of variable strength regarding the legislative elements used to protect children from unhealthy food marketing. While some elements of best practice design were present, particularly relating to the governance of legislative design and implementation, the scope of each law (or proposed laws) had limitations. These included: the exclusion of brand marketing; not protecting children up to age 18; focusing solely on child-directed marketing instead of all marketing that children are exposed to; and not allocating sufficient resources to effectively monitor and enforce the laws. The United Kingdom’s approach to legislation is the most comprehensive and more likely to meet its regulatory objectives. Conclusions Our synthesis and analysis of the technical elements of food marketing laws can support governments around the world as they develop their own food marketing restrictions. An analysis of the three approaches illustrates an evolution in the design of food marketing laws over time, as well as the design strengths offered by a legislative approach. Opportunities remain for strengthening legislative responses to protect children from unhealthy food marketing practices.

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Global action, but national results: strengthening pathways towards better health outcomes for non-communicable diseases

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Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Designing legislative responses to restrict children’s exposure to unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing: a case study analysis of Chile, Canada and the United Kingdom

Designing legislative responses to restrict children’s exposure to unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing: a case study analysis of Chile, Canada and the United Kingdom

Survey of the salt (NaCl) Contents of Traditional Breads in Tehran, 2016[FIGURE DASH]2018

Designing legislative responses to restrict children’s exposure to unhealthy food and non-alcoholic beverage marketing: a case study analysis of Chile, Canada and the United Kingdom

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