Global difficulty modulates the prioritization strategy in multitasking situations

Valéry, Benoît; Matton, Nadine; Scannella, Sébastien; Dehais, Frédéric

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2019.04.012

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Specifically, even though Attention-focused group had begun changing their strategy from serial to parallel processing by the end of skill acquisition phase, increases in task load reverted their strategy back to prioritizing the scan task. Similar shifting in strategy due to increased task load has been observed in other studies [ 4 , 17 – 19 ]. Accuracy-focused group continued to prioritize the target find task.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Individual differences in skill acquisition and transfer assessed by dual task training performance and brain activity

2022

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Assessment of expertise development during training program primarily consists of evaluating interactions between task characteristics, performance, and mental load. Such a traditional assessment framework may lack consideration of individual characteristics when evaluating training on complex tasks, such as driving and piloting, where operators are typically required to execute multiple tasks simultaneously. Studies have already identified individual characteristics arising from intrinsic, context, strategy, personality, and preference as common predictors of performance and mental load. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of individual difference in skill acquisition and transfer using an ecologically valid dual task, behavioral, and brain activity measures. Specifically, we implemented a search and surveillance task (scanning and identifying targets) using a high-fidelity training simulator for the unmanned aircraft sensor operator, acquired behavioral measures (scan, not scan, over scan, and adaptive target find scores) using simulator-based analysis module, and measured brain activity changes (oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin) from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) using a portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) sensor array. The experimental protocol recruited 13 novice participants and had them undergo three easy and two hard sessions to investigate skill acquisition and transfer, respectively. Our results from skill acquisition sessions indicated that performance on both tasks did not change when individual differences were not accounted for. However inclusion of individual differences indicated that some individuals improved only their scan performance (Attention-focused group), while others improved only their target find performance (Accuracy-focused group). Brain activity changes during skill acquisition sessions showed that mental load decreased in the right anterior medial PFC (RAMPFC) in both groups regardless of individual differences. However, mental load increased in the left anterior medial PFC (LAMPFC) of Attention-focused group and decreased in the Accuracy-focused group only when individual differences were included. Transfer results showed no changes in performance regardless of grouping based on individual differences; however, mental load increased in RAMPFC of Attention-focused group and left dorsolateral PFC (LDLPFC) of Accuracy-focused group. Efficiency and involvement results suggest that the Attention-focused group prioritized the scan task, while the Accuracy-focused group prioritized the target find task. In conclusion, training on multitasks results in individual differences. These differences may potentially be due to individual preference. Future studies should incorporate individual differences while assessing skill acquisition and transfer during multitask training.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Individual differences in skill acquisition and transfer assessed by dual task training performance and brain activity

2022

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“…Motivation, task characteristics, or individual differences were mentioned as factors influencing the allocation of resources from one task to another one ( Janssen & Brumby, 2015 ; Raffegeau et al, 2018 ). In the present study, instructions were clear that no task was more important than the other, but the subjective importance of the task might have played a role in task prioritisation ( Valéry et al, 2019 ). If older adults perceive the Go/No-go task as more difficult, a greater effort might be produced to ensure good performance on the non-verbal task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Attention in post-lexical processes of utterance production: Dual-task cost in younger and older adults

Fournet

Chiuvé

Lopez

et al. 2021

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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There is a general agreement that speaking requires attention at least for conceptual and lexical processes of utterance production. However, conflicting results have been obtained with dual-task paradigms using either repetition tasks or more generally tasks involving limited loading of lexical selection. This study aimed to investigate whether post-lexical processes recruit attentional resources. We used a new dual-task paradigm in a set of experiments where a continuous verbal production task involved either high or low demand on lexical selection processes. Experiment 1 evaluates lexical and post-lexical processes with a semantic verbal fluency task, whereas experiments 2 and 3 focus on post-lexical processes with a non-propositional speech task. In each experiment, two types of non-verbal secondary tasks were used: processing speed (simple manual reaction times) or inhibition (Go/No-go). In Experiment 1, a dual-task cost was observed on the semantic verbal fluency task and each non-verbal task. In Experiment 2, a dual-task cost appeared on the non-verbal tasks but not on the speech task. The same paradigm was used with older adults (Experiment 3), as increased effort in post-lexical processes has been associated with ageing. For older adults, a dual-task cost was also observed on the non-propositional verbal task when speech was produced with the inhibition non-verbal task. The results suggest an attentional cost on post-lexical processes and strategic effects in the resolution of the dual-task.

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Evaluating the dual-task decrement within a simulated environment: Word recall and visual search

2023

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Global difficulty modulates the prioritization strategy in multitasking situations

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

Individual differences in skill acquisition and transfer assessed by dual task training performance and brain activity

Individual differences in skill acquisition and transfer assessed by dual task training performance and brain activity

Attention in post-lexical processes of utterance production: Dual-task cost in younger and older adults

Evaluating the dual-task decrement within a simulated environment: Word recall and visual search

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