Global Epidemiology of HIV

Fettig, Jade; Swaminathan, Mahesh; Murrill, Christopher S.; Kaplan, Jonathan E.

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2014.05.001

Cited by 137 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…There is a relative paucity of studies examining the ability of screening tools to detect HAND in Asia, where the HIV epidemic burden is only second to that of Sub-Saharan Africa [15]. To the best of our knowledge there has been only one such study conducted in this region—in Singapore where the standard of living is higher than in Malaysia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a Screening Tool for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) In Multi-Ethnic Malaysia

et al. 2018

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This study determines the optimal cut-off scores for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to detect HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in a multi-ethnic Malaysian HIV-positive cohort by developing demographically corrected normative standards among 283 HIV-negative community-based controls with overlapping demographic characteristics. The norms (corrected for age, sex, education, ethnicity) were applied to 342 HIV-positive virally suppressed individuals on cART. Impairment rates were classified using the Global Deficit Score (GDS ≥ .5) method. The MoCA was also scored according to the recommended cut-off of ≤ 26, and functional decline was applied to both impairment definitions to classify HAND per the Frascati criteria. The ≤ 26 cut-off considerably overestimated cognitive impairment in both samples (59.4% HIV-negative; 69.3% HIV-positive). In contrast, corrected scores yielded impairment rates consistent with what has been reported internationally in virally suppressed cohorts (23.4% with 83.3% mild impairment, 16.7% moderate impairment). A supplemental file allowing the computation of corrected MoCA scores and impairment status is included.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a Screening Tool for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) In Multi-Ethnic Malaysia

et al. 2018

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“…7 The HIV epidemic in Latin America and the Caribbean has remained mostly stable over the past decade, with slowly declining HIV incidence and AIDS-related deaths resulting in a slightly increased estimated number of persons living with HIV (PLHIV), from 1.60 million in 2000 to 1.75 million in 2012, of whom 56,000 are children. 8 Rates of mortality after initiating cART have been studied for Latin American adults 9, 10 , but no study has yet characterized mortality rates among children starting cART in multiple cohorts in the region. We sought to estimate rates of mortality for children during the first year and beyond on cART, and to assess predictors of mortality and determinants of initial regimen change among children in the Caribbean, Central and South America.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Initiating Treatment: A Six-Cohort Study in Latin America

Luque¹,

Jenkins

Shepherd

et al. 2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objectives To assess the risks of and factors associated with mortality, loss to followup, and changing regimens after perinatally HIV-infected children initiate combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Latin America and the Caribbean. Study design This 1997–2013 retrospective cohort study included 1174 ART-naïve perinatally-infected children who started cART age<18 years (median 4.7 years; interquartile range [IQR] 1.7–8.8) at one of six cohorts from Argentina, Brazil, Haiti, and Honduras, within the Caribbean, Central and South America Network for HIV Epidemiology (CCASAnet). Median follow-up was 5.6 years (interquartile range [IQR] 2.3 to 9.3). Study outcomes were all-cause mortality, loss to followup, and major changes/interruption/stopping of cART. We used Cox proportional hazards models stratified by site to examine the association between predictors and times to death or changing regimens. Results Only 52% started cART <5 years of age; 19% began a protease inhibitor. At cART initiation, median CD4 count was 472 cells/mm3 (IQR: 201–902); median CD4% was 16% (IQR:10–23). Probability of death was high in the first year of cART: 0.06 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04–0.07). Five years after cART initiation, the cumulative mortality incidence was 0.12 (CI 0.10–0.14). Cumulative incidences for loss to followup and regimen change after five years were 0.16 (CI 0.14–0.18) and 0.30 (CI 0.26–0.34), respectively. Younger children had the highest risk of mortality, whereas older children had the highest risk of being lost to followup or changing regimens. Conclusions Innovative clinical and community approaches are needed for quality improvement for HIV pediatric care in the Americas.

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“…При этом в мире снижает-ся число случаев первичного ВИЧ-инфицирования: так, в 2012 г. было выявлено 2,3 миллионов заболев-ших, что на 34 % меньше по сравнению с аналогич-ным показателем в 2000 г. [20]. Полученные в настоящей работе данные в целом подтвердили современные представления о рас-пространенности ИППП.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among men from infertile couples

et al. 2018

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Introduction. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) can potentially disrupt male fertility; however, the prevalence data for STDs among men from infertile couples is controversial. Aim. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of STDs among men from infertile couples seeking medical assistance in an assisted reproductive technology clinic. Materials and methods. We retrospectively studied the medical records of 307 men (mean age: 35 ± 15 years) consecutively attending an outpatient reproductive clinic for infertility treatment. Duration of the infertile period varied from 4 to 228 months (mean: 38 ± 12 months). We collected urethral swab specimen to investigate the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma, and Ureaplasma species in 235 (76.5%), 232 (75.6%), 270 (87.9%), 301 (98.1%), and 300 (97.7%) men, respectively. Blood tests for syphilis, hepatitis B and C, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human herpesvirus (HHV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) were conducted in 229 (74.6%), 224 (73%), 227 (73.9%), 230 (74.9%), 233(75.9%), and 232 (75.6%) men, respectively, and statistical analysis of the data was performed. Results. Remarkably, all tests were negative in 94 (30.6%) men, and no patient had T. vaginalis or C. trachomatis infection. However, N. gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma, and Ureaplasma were detected in 1 (0.4%), 6 (2.6%), and 14 (4.7%) men, respectively. Syphilis, hepatitis B and C, HIV, HSV, and CMV tests were positive in 1 (0.4%), 2 (0.9%), 6 (2.6%), 1(0.4%), 177 (76%), and 133 (57%) men, respectively. Conclusions. The prevalence of STDs is high among men from infertile couples. Further studies are warranted to investigate the relationship between STDs and male infertility. (For citation: Korneyev IA, Zasseev RD, Shevchuk IG, Pelipejchenko AA. Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among men from infertile couples. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2018;8(2):30-35. doi: 10.17816/uroved8230-35).

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Global Epidemiology of HIV

Cited by 137 publications

References 26 publications

Utility of Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a Screening Tool for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) In Multi-Ethnic Malaysia

Utility of Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a Screening Tool for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) In Multi-Ethnic Malaysia

Mortality in Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Initiating Treatment: A Six-Cohort Study in Latin America

Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among men from infertile couples

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