Global groundwater vulnerability for Pharmaceutical and Personal care products (PPCPs): The scenario of second decade of 21st century

Silori, Rahul; Shrivastava, Vikalp; Singh, Ashwin; Sharma, Pradeep Kumar; Aouad, Marwan; Mahlknecht, Jürgen; Kumar, Manish

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115703

Cited by 52 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Groundwater was least affected by CECs, with only four chemical detections (2-EMC, 4-MU, estradiol, and netilmicin). This is similar to other parts of the world where ground water is typically least affected by contaminants because it receives indirect exposure to wastewater, in most cases, and benefits from degradation via hydraulic and geologic processes (Silori et al, 2022). A summary of detection frequencies of each compound across the four sampling activities can be found in Supporting Information, Table S4.…”

Section: Nontargeted Analysissupporting

confidence: 57%

Nontargeted Screening of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Glen Valley Wastewater Treatment Plant, Botswana

Selwe,

Sallach,

Dessent

2023

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Abstract:There is growing concern about the prevalence and impact of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs). The environmental monitoring of CECs has, however, been limited in low‐ and middle‐income countries due to the lack of advanced analytical instrumentation locally. In this study we employed a non‐targeted and suspect screening workflow via liquid‐chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) to identify known and unknown pollutants in the Glen Valley wastewater treatment plant, Botswana, complemented by analysis of groundwater samples. This work represents the first HRMS analysis of CECs in water samples obtained in Botswana.Suspect screening of 5942 compounds qualitatively identified 28 compounds, including 26 pharmaceuticals and two illicit drugs (2‐Ethylmethcathinone and 11‐nor‐9‐carboxy‐Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol). Non‐targeted analysis tentatively identified the presence of 34 more compounds including (5ξ)‐12,13‐Dihydroxypodocarpa‐8,11,13‐trien‐7‐one; 12‐Aminododecanoic acid, Atenolol acid; Brilliant blue; Cyclo leucylprolyl; Decanophenone; DL‐Carnitine; N,N'‐Dicyclohexylurea; N4‐Acetylsulfamethoxazole; NP‐003672 and 24 Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) polymers. The highest number of detections were in influent wastewater (26 CECs) followed by effluent wastewater (10 CECs) and lastly, groundwater (4 CECs). 17 CECs detected in the influent water were not detected in the effluent waters, suggesting reduced emissions due to wastewater treatment. Two anti‐retroviral compounds (abacavir and tenofovir) were detected in the influent and effluent sources. This suggests that wastewater treatment plants are a major pathway of chemical pollution to the environment in Botswana and will help inform prioritisation efforts for monitoring and remediation that is protective of these key ecosystems.

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Section: Nontargeted Analysissupporting

confidence: 57%

Nontargeted Screening of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Glen Valley Wastewater Treatment Plant, Botswana

Selwe,

Sallach,

Dessent

2023

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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“…As a consequence, a lot of studies have been concerned with the detection, distribution, transport, transformation, removal, and risk assessment of groundwater contaminants. ,− For the conventional contaminants such as chlorinated solvents, nitrate, Cr, As, and so on, research has been intensive and evolved from individual to mixed contaminants, from simple to complex systems (multiphases, multimatrix, multiprocesses, and heterogeneity, along with their coupling), from lab simulation to field tests, and from qualitative to quantitative characterization in the past decades. ,,,− Thus, knowledge about the environmental behaviors of conventional contaminants in groundwater has been relatively systematic. Emerging contaminants and pathogens in groundwater have been a new research frontier because of the increasing recognition of their widespread occurrence and harmful impact. − To meet the goal of groundwater safety, regulations have been issued and implemented in many countries for groundwater contamination. − The standard for groundwater quality has set threshold values for different contaminants, particularly conventional contaminants and pathogens, so that appropriate management and control strategies can be made.…”

Section: Groundwater Quality and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality and Health: Making the Invisible Visible

Wang

Yuan

Shi

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Linking groundwater quality to health will make the invisible groundwater visible, but there are knowledge gaps to understand the linkage which requires cross-disciplinary convergent research. The substances in groundwater that are critical to health can be classified into five types according to the sources and characteristics: geogenic substances, biogenic elements, anthropogenic contaminants, emerging contaminants, and pathogens. The most intriguing questions are related to quantitative assessment of human health and ecological risks of exposure to the critical substances via natural or induced artificial groundwater discharge: What is the list of critical substances released from discharging groundwater, and what are the pathways of the receptors' exposure to the critical substances? How to quantify the flux of critical substances during groundwater discharge? What procedures can we follow to assess human health and ecological risks of groundwater discharge? Answering these questions is fundamental for humans to deal with the challenges of water security and health risks related to groundwater quality. This perspective provides recent progresses, knowledge gaps, and future trends in understanding the linkage between groundwater quality and health.

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“…In comparison to antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, lipid regulators and metabolites such as gemfibrozil, bezafibrate, and clofibric acid (3%) had reduced detection frequencies in groundwater . Groundwater close to landfills and WWTPs are the hotspots of PPCP pollution and its associated ecological risks …”

Section: Ppcps As Invader In Aquatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…63 Groundwater close to landfills and WWTPs are the hotspots of PPCP pollution and its associated ecological risks. 64 4.3. Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP).…”

Section: Ppcps As Invader In Aquatic Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products as Emerging Environmental Contaminants: Prevalence, Toxicity, and Remedial Approaches

Chakraborty,

Adhikary,

Bhattacharya

et al. 2023

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

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Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) are synthetic compounds widely used as consumer items such as cosmetics and therapeutic drugs across the globe. The inappropriate disposal of PPCPs in the environment has raised serious concerns regarding their potential adverse impacts on human and animal health. Hence, the present study aims to delve into the environmental contamination of numerous PPCPs and their detrimental impacts on biota and climate change. Mining of data published in the relevant literature has revealed that active ingredients of PPCPs and their metabolites generally invade the ecosystem via multiple sources. Varying concentrations of these contaminants are reported in surface water, groundwater, and wastewater treatment plants. The majority of PPCPs pose acute and chronic toxicity to living organisms. They adversely affect the structure and function of the algal community along with the feeding, mating, metabolic activities, and reproductive behavior of invertebrates, fishes, and higher vertebrates, including humans. The occurrence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations as a response to PPCP contamination is another health concern. In addition, targeting mitochondrial respiratory proteins and cytochrome enzymes by PPCPs might contribute to the onset of multiple physiological ailments. Studies have deciphered the connection between PPCP contamination and methanogenesis, which could potentially impact climate change. Several degradation methods have been used for the removal of PPCPs. However, none of them completely remove the PPCPs from samples. Therefore, developing more advanced eco-friendly approaches is warranted for better treatment of PPCPs in water media. In addition, further investigations are required for the risk assessment of several PPCPs that have not yet been investigated.

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Global groundwater vulnerability for Pharmaceutical and Personal care products (PPCPs): The scenario of second decade of 21st century

Cited by 52 publications

References 129 publications

Nontargeted Screening of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Glen Valley Wastewater Treatment Plant, Botswana

Nontargeted Screening of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Glen Valley Wastewater Treatment Plant, Botswana

Groundwater Quality and Health: Making the Invisible Visible

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products as Emerging Environmental Contaminants: Prevalence, Toxicity, and Remedial Approaches

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