Global radiolocation in the lower ELF frequency band

Burke, C. P.; Jones, D. Llanwyn

doi:10.1029/95jd02735

Cited by 51 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[4] The distance signatures in SR spectra and wave impedance [Kemp and Jones, 1971;Burke and Jones, 1995;Huang et al, 1999;Nickolaenko and Hayakawa, 2002] combined with the direction finding technique provides a single-site location of super powerful lightning discharges. In addition, multistation observations based on triangulation or/and the "time of arrival" method are used to study the temporal and regional variations of lightning occurrences and their relation to sprite activity and climate variability [Füllekrug and Constable, 2000;Sato et al, 2008;Nakamura et al, 2010].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of the global lightning distribution revealed from three‐station Schumann resonance measurements

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Schumann resonance (SR) observations performed simultaneously by a global network consisting of three stations (Lekhta (Karelia, Russia), Moshiri (Hokkaido, Japan), and West Greenwich (Rhode Island, United States)) during almost 1 year were used for mapping world thunderstorm activity. A two-stage inverse problem is solved for locating lightning sources distributed over the Earth's surface from the SR background signals. The first stage consists of inversions of the SR magnetic field power spectra to the distributions of lightning intensity by distance relative to an observation point. The obtained distance profiles of intensity of sources are used as tomographic projections for reconstructing a spatial distribution of sources in the second stage. We have suggested the use of source distance profiles obtained from the spectra of outputs of two orthogonal magnetic antennas operating at each observatory as separate tomographic projections. It is shown that the implementation of additional information on the azimuthal distribution of sources, provided by angular selectivity of magnetic sensors, significantly improves the quality of global lightning mapping under the condition of a limited number of observation stations. Maps of the global lightning distributions constructed by the result of inversions of SR spectra show that the most active regions vary zonally on the seasonal time scale and meridionally on the diurnal time scale being connected mainly with continental areas in the tropics.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of the global lightning distribution revealed from three‐station Schumann resonance measurements

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Figure 1 is the temporal evolution of an ELF event, and we can identify clearly an event, event 3 in Table 1 at the time just after 52.6 s. [8] Three methods are used in this paper, Lissajous method (this is a time domain method and is very general in the field of geophysics), goniometer method, and Poynting vector method (here both in frequency domain) [Burke and Jones, 1995]. In the coordinate system with Moshiri station as the origin, north is taken as 0°, with positive as reckoned clockwise and negative in the anticlockwise direction.…”

Section: Elf Analysis Methods and Direction Findingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of different source location methods for ELF transients by using the parent lightning discharges with known positions

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Different kinds of direction finding methods (azimuth and range determinations) have been proposed so far in order to locate ELF transients. As for the azimuth determination, we have used the Lissajous method and goniometer and Poynting vector methods, which are found to be not so much different. The biggest problem is the range (or source-to-observer distance) estimation, which is principally based on the use of wave impedance. By using the known positions of parent lightning discharges during the European sprite campaign, we have compared different methods ((1) cross-correlation over a wide frequency range between the measured and theoretical wave impedances, (2) the use of peak frequency in the observed wave impedance, (3) Jones and Kemp method (the use of maxima and minima in the frequency spectrum of wave impedance), (4) the use of oscillation frequency in the wave impedance variation), and it is found that the best one is the use of Jones and Kemp method with an error of 0.33 Mm for the nine events with sufficient S/N ratio from the analyzed 11 events. This has been based on the FFT analysis. However, for the remaining two events with small time separation, we have tried the use of wavelet analysis, which improved the range determination significantly. Finally, we recommend a combined use of Jones and Kemp method and wavelet analysis for locating ELF transients.Citation: Nakamura, T., M. Sekiguchi, Y. Hobara, and M. Hayakawa (2010), A comparison of different source location methods for ELF transients by using the parent lightning discharges with known positions,

show abstract

“…At a distance of 10 Mm from the source lightning (yellow curve), the electric field shows a minimum intensity at 8 and 20 Hz (n = 1, 3) while a maximum occurs at 14 and 26 Hz (n = 2, 4). Every distance has a specific spectral pattern in both the electric and magnetic fields, a characteristic often used in SR geolocation of intense lightning flashes using a single station [28,29,[36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amplitudes of Q-bursts can exceed the SR background level by a factor of 10 and they appear with intervals from approximately 10 s to a few minutes [77]. This separation in time allows us to consider the Q-bursts as isolated events and to determine their source lightning locations and charge moments [36][37][38]40,75,[89][90][91][92][93]. [56].…”

Section: Sr Transient Measurements Of Global Lightning Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transients can be geolocated with SOD and/or source-bearing techniques, based on the relationship between the electric and the magnetic field components [28,29,36,39,40,94]. Source location techniques can be calibrated using the general location of flashes above continental regions [36,37], the proximity of cold cloud tops in visible and infra-red (IR) satellite images [95], global lightning measurements from space by the Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) [39], and local measurements of lightning with ground networks, such as US National Lightning Detection Network in North America [29]. Geolocation of the source lightning using the single station SR methodology can be identified with an accuracy of ~1 Mm anywhere on the globe.…”

Section: Using Sr As a Climate Research Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

ELF Electromagnetic Waves from Lightning: The Schumann Resonances

Price

2016

Atmosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lightning produces electromagnetic fields and waves in all frequency ranges. In the extremely low frequency (ELF) range below 100 Hz, the global Schumann Resonances (SR) are excited at frequencies of 8 Hz, 14 Hz, 20 Hz, etc. This review is aimed at the reader generally unfamiliar with the Schumann Resonances. First some historical context to SR research is given, followed by some theoretical background and examples of the extensive use of Schumann resonances in a variety of lightning-related studies in recent years, ranging from estimates of the spatial and temporal variations in global lighting activity, connections to global climate change, transient luminous events and extraterrestrial lightning. Both theoretical and experimental results of the global resonance phenomenon are presented. It is our hope that this review will increase the interest in SR among researchers previously unfamiliar with this phenomenon.

show abstract

Global radiolocation in the lower ELF frequency band

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

Variations of the global lightning distribution revealed from three‐station Schumann resonance measurements

Variations of the global lightning distribution revealed from three‐station Schumann resonance measurements

A comparison of different source location methods for ELF transients by using the parent lightning discharges with known positions

ELF Electromagnetic Waves from Lightning: The Schumann Resonances

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About