Global ray tracing simulations of the SABER gravity wave climatology

Preusse, Peter; Eckermann, Stephen D.; Ern, Manfred; Oberheide, J.; Picard, R. H.; Roble, R. G.; Riese, Martin; Russell, James M.; Mlynczak, Martin G.

doi:10.1029/2008jd011214

Cited by 149 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…Gravity wave variances show great enhancement in the winter hemisphere over mid-and high latitudes where the polar night jet is strongest (Plougonven and Zhang, 2014), and due to strong mountain wave activity (Jiang et al, 2004a). The seasonal distribution of stratospheric gravity wave activity found in this study agrees well with other satellite climatologies based on limb measurements (e.g., Preusse et al, 2009a). The gravity wave variances agree qualitatively well with the AIRS climatology of , which is based on 15 µm radiance mea-228 C. I.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Intercomparison of AIRS and HIRDLS stratospheric gravity wave observations

Meyer¹,

Ern²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. We investigate stratospheric gravity wave observations by the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) aboard NASA's Aqua satellite and the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) aboard NASA's Aura satellite. AIRS operational temperature retrievals are typically not used for studies of gravity waves, because their vertical and horizontal resolution is rather limited. This study uses data of a high-resolution retrieval which provides stratospheric temperature profiles for each individual satellite footprint. Therefore the horizontal sampling of the high-resolution retrieval is 9 times better than that of the operational retrieval. HIRDLS provides 2-D spectral information of observed gravity waves in terms of along-track and vertical wavelengths. AIRS as a nadir sounder is more sensitive to short-horizontal-wavelength gravity waves, and HIRDLS as a limb sounder is more sensitive to short-vertical-wavelength gravity waves. Therefore HIRDLS is ideally suited to complement AIRS observations. A calculated momentum flux factor indicates that the waves seen by AIRS contribute significantly to momentum flux, even if the AIRS temperature variance may be small compared to HIRDLS. The stratospheric wave structures observed by AIRS and HIRDLS often agree very well. Case studies of a mountain wave event and a non-orographic wave event demonstrate that the observed phase structures of AIRS and HIRDLS are also similar. AIRS has a coarser vertical resolution, which results in an attenuation of the amplitude and coarser vertical wavelengths than for HIRDLS. However, AIRS has a much higher horizontal resolution, and the propagation direction of the waves can be clearly identified in geographical maps. The horizontal orientation of the phase fronts can be deduced from AIRS 3-D temperature fields. This is a restricting factor for gravity wave analyses of limb measurements. Additionally, temperature variances with respect to stratospheric gravity wave activity are compared on a statistical basis. The complete HIRDLS measurement period from January 2005 to March 2008 is covered. The seasonal and latitudinal distributions of gravity wave activity as observed by AIRS and HIRDLS agree well. A strong annual cycle at mid-and high latitudes is found in time series of gravity wave variances at 42 km, which has its maxima during wintertime and its minima during summertime. The variability is largest during austral wintertime at 60 • S. Variations in the zonal winds at 2.5 hPa are associated with large variability in gravity wave variances. Altogether, gravity wave variances of AIRS and HIRDLS are complementary to each other. Large parts of the gravity wave spectrum are covered by joint observations. This opens up fascinating vistas for future gravity wave research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Intercomparison of AIRS and HIRDLS stratospheric gravity wave observations

Meyer¹,

Ern²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…From theoretical considerations, however, refraction of gravity waves into strong wind jets is expected if full 3-D propagation of gravity waves is taken into account (Preusse et al, 2009b;Kalisch et al, 2014). Evidence for this effect from observations has been found, for example, by Jiang et al (2004b), Ern et al (2011 for gravity waves in the summertime subtropics, and by Hindley et al (2015) for mountain waves over South America.…”

Section: Extended Phase Of Stratospheric Anomalous Windsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Another possible explanation could be that gravity wave activity in boreal winters may be dominated by gravity waves with slow ground-based phase speeds, for example mountain waves, as indicated in previous modelmeasurement comparisons (e.g., Preusse et al, 2009b).…”

Section: Discussion Of Gravity Wave Potential Dragmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite observations of middle atmosphere gravity wave absolute momentum flux and of its vertical gradient during recent stratospheric warmings

Ern¹,

Trinh²,

Kaufmann³

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are circulation anomalies in the polar region during winter. They mostly occur in the Northern Hemisphere and affect also surface weather and climate. Both planetary waves and gravity waves contribute to the onset and evolution of SSWs. While the role of planetary waves for SSW evolution has been recognized, the effect of gravity waves is still not fully understood, and has not been comprehensively analyzed based on global observations. In particular, information on the gravity wave driving of the background winds during SSWs is still missing.

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“…Gravity wave information has been retrieved from a number of infrared limb sounders, that is CRISTA (e.g., Preusse et al, 2002;Ern et al, 2006), Cryogenic Limb Array Etalon Spectrometer (CLAES) , SABER (Preusse et al, 2009a;Ern et al, 2011) and HIRDLS (e.g., Alexander et al, 2008;Wright et al, 2010;Ern et al, 2011). Only CRISTA uses multiple viewing directions, but the observation tracks are separated by 600 km and thus too far apart for common analysis of the same GW events.…”

Section: A1 Potential Future Limb Imagermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Observations are therefore important to validate these parameterizations. Several studies used observations to constrain and to improve GW parameterizations Preusse et al, 2009a;Orr et al, 2010;Choi et al, 2009Choi et al, , 2012Geller et al, 2013). These studies, however, are limited in using only absolutes values of gravity wave momentum flux (GWMF), which have quite large uncertainties (Ern et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive observational filter for satellite infrared limb sounding of gravity waves

Trinh¹,

Kalisch²,

Preusse³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. This paper describes a comprehensive observational filter for satellite infrared limb sounding of gravity waves. The filter considers instrument visibility and observation geometry with a high level of accuracy. It contains four main processes: visibility filter, projection of the wavelength on the tangent-point track, aliasing effect, and calculation of the observed vertical wavelength. The observation geometries of the SABER (Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry) and HIRDLS (High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder) are mimicked. Gravity waves (GWs) simulated by coupling a convective GW source (CGWS) scheme and the gravity wave regional or global ray tracer (GROGRAT) are used as an example for applying the observational filter. Simulated spectra in terms of horizontal and vertical wave numbers (wavelengths) of gravity wave momentum flux (GWMF) are analyzed under the influence of the filter. We find that the most important processes, which have significant influence on the spectrum are the visibility filter (for both SABER and HIRDLS observation geometries) and aliasing for SABER and projection on tangent-point track for HIRDLS. The vertical wavelength distribution is mainly affected by the retrieval as part of the "visibility filter" process. In addition, the short-horizontalscale spectrum may be projected for some cases into a longer horizontal wavelength interval which originally was not populated. The filter largely reduces GWMF values of very short horizontal wavelength waves. The implications for interpreting observed data are discussed.

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Global ray tracing simulations of the SABER gravity wave climatology

Cited by 149 publications

References 88 publications

Intercomparison of AIRS and HIRDLS stratospheric gravity wave observations

Intercomparison of AIRS and HIRDLS stratospheric gravity wave observations

Satellite observations of middle atmosphere gravity wave absolute momentum flux and of its vertical gradient during recent stratospheric warmings

A comprehensive observational filter for satellite infrared limb sounding of gravity waves

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