Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in children younger than 5 years in 2019: a systematic analysis

Li, You; Wang, Xin; Blau, Dianna M.; Caballero, Mauricio T.; Feikin, Daniel R.; Gill, Christopher; Madhi, Shabir А.; Omer, Saad B.; Simões, Eric A F; Campbell, Harry; Pariente, Ana Bermejo; Bardach, Darmaa; Bassat, Quique; Casalegno, Jean-Sébastien; Chakhunashvili, Giorgi; Crawford, Nigel; Danilenko, Daria; Ha, Lien Anh; Echavarría, Marcela; Gentile, Ángela; Gordon, Aubree; Heikkinen, Terho; Huang, Q Sue; Jullien, Sophie; Krishnan, Anand; López, Eduardo; Markić, Joško; Mira‐Iglesias, Ainara; Moore, Hannah C; Moyes, Jocelyn; Mwananyanda, Lawrence; Nokes, D. James; Noordeen, F.; Obodai, Evangeline; Palani, Nandhini; Romero, Candice; Salimi, Vahid; Satav, Ashish; Seo, Euri; Shchomak, Zakhar; Singleton, Rosalyn; Stolyarov, Kirill; Stoszek, Sonia K.; Gottberg, Anne von; Wurzel, Danielle; Yoshida, Lay-Myint; Yung, Chee Fu; Zar, Heather J.; Nair, Harish; Abram, Michael E.; Aerssens, Jeroen; Alafaci, Annette; Balmaseda, Ángel; Bandeira, Teresa; Barr, Ian G.; Batinović, Ena; Beutels, Philippe; Bhiman, Jinal N.; Blyth, Christopher C; Bont, Louis; Bressler, Sara; Cohen, Cheryl; Cohen, Rachel; Costa, Anna‐Maria; Crow, Rowena; Daley, Andrew J; Dang, Duc-Anh; Demont, Clarisse; Desnoyers, Christine; Díez‐Domingo, Javier; Divarathna, M. V. M.; Plessis, Mignon du; Edgoose, Madeleine; Ferolla, Fausto M; Fischer, Thea Kølsen; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Giaquinto, Carlo; Gillet, Yves; Hernández, Roger E.; Horvat, Côme; Javouhey, Étienne; Karseladze, Irakli; Kubale, John; Kumar, Rakesh; Lina, Bruno; Lución, Florencia; MacGinty, Rae; Martinón-Torres, Federico; McMinn, Alissa; Meijer, Adam; Milić, Petra; Morel, Adrian; Mulholland, Kim; Mungun, Tuya; Murunga, Nickson; Newbern, E. Claire; Nicol, Mark P.; Odoom, John Kofi; Openshaw, Peter; Ploin, Dominique; Polack, Fernando P.; Pollard, Andrew J.; Prasad, Namrata; Puig-Barbérà, Joan; Reiche, Janine; Reyes, Noelia; Rizkalla, Bishoy; Satao, Shilpa; Shi, Ting; Sistla, Sujatha; Snape, Matthew D; Song, Yanran; Soto, Giselle; Tavakoli, Forough; Toizumi, Michiko; Tsedenbal, Naranzul; Berge, Maarten van den; Vernhes, Charlotte; Mollendorf, Claire von; Walaza, Sibongile; Walker, G. J.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00478-0

Cited by 821 publications

(540 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…RSV infections are associated with morbidity and mortality, ranging from mild upper respiratory illness to life threatening lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). More than 97% of RSV-attributable deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) ( 3 ), reflecting that healthcare infrastructure and resources in these countries is limited and may present issues in dealing with RSV disease burden.…”

Section: Introduction: Rsv Burden Concerns All Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RSV causes a substantial burden for infants below 12 months of age. It is estimated that 12.9 million RSV LRTI episodes, 2.2 million RSV-associated hospitalizations and 66,300 RSV-attributable deaths occurred globally in 2019 ( 3 ). RSV also causes a significant outpatient burden worldwide, with RSV being associated with 21% of infants aged <24 months brought to the emergency department and 18% in pediatric practices according to one study ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introduction: Rsv Burden Concerns All Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The etiological link between RSV infection and the development of asthma has long been debated. Many studies assume that RSV infection is a trigger of a pre-existing predisposition to asthma and can trigger further economic burden ( 3 , 14 , 16 , 17 ).…”

Section: Introduction: Rsv Burden Concerns All Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The assessment of future RSV immunizations: How to protect all infants?

Bont

Olivier²,

Herting

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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Section: Introduction: Rsv Burden Concerns All Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: Rsv Burden Concerns All Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The assessment of future RSV immunizations: How to protect all infants?

Bont

Olivier²,

Herting

et al. 2022

Front. Pediatr.

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“…The disease burden is significant, especially in infants and patients with an underlying disease, including premature infants and children with a chronic lung disease, congenital heart failure, immunocompromised status, etc. [ 1 , 2 ] . Prophylactic administration of palivizumab is recommended for these high-risk groups [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of acute respiratory tract illness [1][2][3]. The disease burden is significant, especially in infants and patients with an underlying disease, including premature infants and children with a chronic lung disease, congenital heart failure, immunocompromised status, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between national surveillance and search engine query data on respiratory syncytial virus infections in Japan

et al. 2022

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Background The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease burden is significant, especially in infants and children with an underlying disease. Prophylaxis with palivizumab is recommended for these high-risk groups. Early recognition of a RSV epidemic is important for timely administration of palivizumab. We herein aimed to assess the correlation between national surveillance and Google Trends data pertaining to RSV infections in Japan. Methods The present, retrospective survey was performed between January 1, 2018 and November 14, 2021 and evaluated the correlation between national surveillance data and Google Trends data. Joinpoint regression was used to identify the points at which changes in trends occurred. Results A strong correlation was observed every study year (2018 [r = 0.87, p < 0.01], 2019 [r = 0.83, p < 0.01], 2020 [r = 0.83, p < 0.01], and 2021 [r = 0.96, p < 0.01]). The change-points in the Google Trends data indicating the start of the RSV epidemic were observed earlier than by sentinel surveillance in 2018 and 2021 and simultaneously with sentinel surveillance in 2019. No epidemic surge was observed in either the Google Trends or the surveillance data from 2020. Conclusions Our data suggested that Google Trends has the potential to enable the early identification of RSV epidemics. In countries without a national surveillance system, Google Trends may serve as an alternative early warning system.

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Monoclonal Antibody for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants and Children

Sun

Lai

et al. 2023

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory infection in children younger than 5 years; effective prevention strategies are urgently needed.ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies for the prevention of RSV infection in infants and children.Data SourcesIn this systematic review and network meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from database inception to March 2022.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials that enrolled infants at high risk of RSV infection to receive a monoclonal antibody or placebo were included. Keywords and extensive vocabulary related to monoclonal antibodies, RSV, and randomized clinical trials were searched.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline was used. Teams of 2 reviewers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Developments, and Evaluation approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence. A random-effects model network meta-analysis was conducted using a consistency model under the frequentist framework.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were all-cause mortality, RSV-related hospitalization, RSV-related infection, drug-related adverse events, intensive care unit admission, supplemental oxygen use, and mechanical ventilation use.ResultsFifteen randomized clinical trials involving 18 395 participants were eligible; 14 were synthesized, with 18 042 total participants (median age at study entry, 3.99 months [IQR, 3.25-6.58 months]; median proportion of males, 52.37% [IQR, 50.49%-53.85%]). Compared with placebo, with moderate- to high-certainty evidence, nirsevimab, palivizumab, and motavizumab were associated with significantly reduced RSV-related infections per 1000 participants (nirsevimab: −123 [95% CI, −138 to −100]; palivizumab: −108 [95% CI, −127 to −82]; motavizumab: −136 [95% CI, −146 to −125]) and RSV-related hospitalizations per 1000 participants (nirsevimab: −54 [95% CI, −64 to −38; palivizumab: −39 [95% CI, −48 to −28]; motavizumab: −48 [95% CI, −58 to −33]). With moderate-certainty evidence, both motavizumab and palivizumab were associated with significant reductions in intensive care unit admissions per 1000 participants (−8 [95% CI, −9 to −4] and −5 [95% CI, −7 to 0], respectively) and supplemental oxygen use per 1000 participants (−59 [95% CI, −63 to −54] and −55 [95% CI, −61 to −41], respectively), and nirsevimab was associated with significantly reduced supplemental oxygen use per 1000 participants (−59 [95% CI, −65 to −40]). No significant differences were found in all-cause mortality and drug-related adverse events. Suptavumab did not show any significant benefits for the outcomes of interest.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, motavizumab, nirsevimab, and palivizumab were associated with substantial benefits in the prevention of RSV infection, without a significant increase in adverse events compared with placebo. However, more research is needed to confirm the present conclusions, especially for safety and cost-effectiveness.

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Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in children younger than 5 years in 2019: a systematic analysis

Cited by 821 publications

References 33 publications

The assessment of future RSV immunizations: How to protect all infants?

The assessment of future RSV immunizations: How to protect all infants?

Correlation between national surveillance and search engine query data on respiratory syncytial virus infections in Japan

Monoclonal Antibody for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants and Children

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