Global resilience analysis of water distribution systems

Diao, Kegong; Sweetapple, Chris; Farmani, Raziyeh; Fu, Guangtao; Ward, Sarah; Butler, David

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.011

Cited by 179 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A water infrastructure system continuously faces complex disturbances from, e.g., climate change, population, economy, other infrastructure, culture, and policies [90]. These disturbances can cause system failure in a form of compound (multiple) disruptions with successive or simultaneous occurrence of two or more disruptive events [81]. Thus, there is a need to incorporate these multifaceted disturbances and their uncertainty scenarios into a resilience measure.…”

Section: Discussion On Adaptation To Changing Disruptions and Their Umentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the measures, except Cimellaro et al [19] and Chmielewski et al [45], have paid less attention to considering multiple functionalities together. The increased resilience to one functionality may decrease resilience to another one (e.g., flood control and water quality) in some situations [81]. For example, increasing the capacity of a tank may contribute to the enhancement of system resilience by storing more water in the tank, yet it may take more time to recover the system once water in the tank is contaminated.…”

Section: System Redundancymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of Quantitative Resilience Measures for Water Infrastructure Systems

Shin

Lee

Judi

et al. 2018

Water

151

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Abstract:Over the past few decades, the concept of resilience has emerged as an important consideration in the planning and management of water infrastructure systems. Accordingly, various resilience measures have been developed for the quantitative evaluation and decision-making of systems. There are, however, numerous considerations and no clear choice of which measure, if any, provides the most appropriate representation of resilience for a given application. This study provides a critical review of quantitative approaches to measure the resilience of water infrastructure systems, with a focus on water resources and distribution systems. A compilation of 11 criteria evaluating 21 selected resilience measures addressing major features of resilience is developed using the Axiomatic Design process. Existing gaps of resilience measures are identified based on the review criteria. The results show that resilience measures have generally paid less attention to cascading damage to interrelated systems, rapid identification of failure, physical damage of system components, and time variation of resilience. Concluding the paper, improvements to resilience measures are recommended. The findings contribute to our understanding of gaps and provide information to help further improve resilience measures of water infrastructure systems.

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Section: Discussion On Adaptation To Changing Disruptions and Their Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: System Redundancymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Quantitative Resilience Measures for Water Infrastructure Systems

Shin

Lee

Judi

et al. 2018

Water

151

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“…The default water-quality time step in EPANET is 300 s, as noted aboves; however, some studies, e.g, Diao et al (2016); Helbling and 15 VanBriesen (2009); Wang and Harrison (2014), use substantially longer time steps. Therefore, in our analysis we include water-quality time steps longer than the default value.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass imbalances in EPANET water-quality simulations

Davis¹,

Janke²,

Taxon³

2017

Preprint

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Abstract. EPANET is widely employed to simulate water quality in water distribution systems. However, in general, the timedriven simulation approach used to determine concentrations of water-quality constituents provides accurate results only for short water-quality time steps. The use of an adequately short time step may not always be feasible. Overly long time steps can yield errors in concentration estimates and can result in situations in which constituent mass is not conserved. The absence of EPANET errors or warnings does not ensure conservation of mass. This paper provides examples illustrating mass imbalances 5 and explains how such imbalances can occur. It also presents a preliminary event-driven approach that conserves mass with a water-quality time step that is as long as the hydraulic time step. Results obtained using the current approach converge, or tend to converge, to those obtained using the preliminary event-driven approach as the water-quality time step decreases. Improving the water-quality routing algorithm used in EPANET could eliminate mass imbalances and related errors in estimated concentrations. The results presented in this paper should be of value to those who perform water-quality simulations using EPANET 10 or use the results of such simulations, including utility managers and engineers.

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“…A unified definition of WDN resilience appears to be lacking in the literature. Individual researchers have defined WDN resilience to fit their own research concerns and measurement approaches [72][73][74][75]. However, the diverse definitions share a few common characteristics.…”

Section: Three Capabilities Of Wdn Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Quantitative Resilience Methods in Water Distribution Networks

Shuang

Liu

Porse

2019

Water

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Water distribution networks (WDNs) are critical contributors to the social welfare, economic growth, and public health in cities. Under the uncertainties that are introduced owing to climate change, urban development, aging components, and interdependent infrastructure, the WDN performance must be evaluated using continuously innovative methods and data acquisition. Quantitative resilience assessments provide useful information for WDN operators and planners, enabling support systems that can withstand disasters, recover quickly from outages, and adapt to uncertain environments. This study reviews contemporary approaches for quantifying the resilience of WDNs. 1508 journal articles published from 1950 to 2018 are identified under systematic review guidelines. 137 references that focus on the quantitative resilience methods of WDN are classified as surrogate measures, simulation methods, network theory approaches, and fault detection and isolation approaches. This study identifies the resilience capability of the WDNs and describes the related terms of absorptive, restorative, and adaptive capabilities. It also discusses the metrics, research progresses, and limitations associated with each method. Finally, this study indicates the challenges associated with the quantification of WDNs that should be overcome for achieving improved resilience assessments in the future. earthquake in 1976 [3] stopped the water supply for more than one week, whereas the Northridge earthquake in 1994 [4] destroyed 74 water main pipes, resulting in approximately 1200 leaks and stoppage of water supply for several weeks. The Kobe earthquake in 1995 [5] damaged more than 4000 incidents of damage to water pipes and cut off 1.2 million end users. Only one-third of the WDN was repaired after one week, and the complete period required for repair was two and a half months. The Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008 [6] affected 181 cities in the Sichuan Province and damaged 47,642.5 km of water pipes. Some cities (such as Dujiangyan and Mianzhu) remained deprived of their normal water supply for a year after the occurrence of this earthquake.The emerging uncertainties have introduced new risks with respect to WDN operation and planning. The impacts of climate change, which are already being felt in the water systems in various communities, will become increasingly severe and intense in the future [7,8]. The WDN planners must re-evaluate the balance between water supply and demand under climate-change events such as increase in sea level, earthquakes, storms, and heatwaves [9]. Meanwhile, the WDNs in several industrialized counties and existing systems exhibit endogenous problems such as aging components, increasing their vulnerability to extreme events. Furthermore, the rapid development of cities has led to the high concentration of population in cities as well as the emergence of cities as financial hubs. The cascading failures caused by the closely associated interactive infrastructures can exacerbate the impact and destructiveness of disasters [10,...

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Global resilience analysis of water distribution systems

Cited by 179 publications

References 21 publications

A Systematic Review of Quantitative Resilience Measures for Water Infrastructure Systems

A Systematic Review of Quantitative Resilience Measures for Water Infrastructure Systems

Mass imbalances in EPANET water-quality simulations

Review of the Quantitative Resilience Methods in Water Distribution Networks

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