Global Strategies, Multinational Subsidiary Roles and Economic Impact in Scotland

Young, Stephen; Hood, Neil; Dunlop, Stewart

doi:10.1080/00343408812331345160

Cited by 96 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, export activity is considered to be the first and most common step in a firm's international expansion (Young 1987;Young et al 1988), and export activity is the most common mode of foreign operation for new ventures (Zahra et al 1997). One reason why exporting is an important means for international expansion among newly established firms is that exporting does not require major capital investments (Erramilli and D'Souza 1993;Root 1994) and has lower commercial and financial risk as compared with, for example, foreign direct investment (Jaffe and Pasternak 1994).…”

Section: Data and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurship, export orientation, and economic growth

2009

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In this paper the relationship between a country's prevalence of new ventures and its rate of economic growth is investigated, while taking into account new ventures' export orientation. It is generally acknowledged that new venture creation as well as export activity may both be important strategies for achieving national economic growth. However, to our knowledge no attempt has been made to investigate empirically the role of export-driven new ventures in economic growth. We focus on the national level and use data for a sample of 34 countries over the period [2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008]. Our results suggest that, on top of a positive relation between entrepreneurial activity in general and subsequent macroeconomic growth, there is an additional positive effect of export-oriented earlystage entrepreneurship in higher-income countries. However, there is no such additional effect in lowerincome countries.

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Section: Data and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurship, export orientation, and economic growth

2009

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“…The host country perspective focuses on the micro basis of growth and hence could be defined as Porterian (Porter et al, 2002). The approach that comes closest to our perspective is that of Young et al (1988) and 'developmental subsidiaries' in a regional development context. We focus on subsidiary autonomy and resource development (Penrose, 1959).…”

Section: Fdi and Productivity Growth Through Subsidaries Upgrading: Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature and determinants of productivity growth of foreign subsidiaries in Central and East European countries

2009

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The paper examines the determinants of productivity growth in foreign manufacturing subsidiaries in five Central and East European (CEE) countries by analysing patterns of control, nature of firms' capabilities and firms' market orientation. Building on the so called 'developmental subsidiaries' perspective we show that productivity growth is determined jointly by corporate governance, production capability and market orientation variables. CEE subsidiaries have relatively strong autonomy over control of their business functions, but within a dominantly production oriented mandate. Majority foreign equity share has a significant and positive impact on subsidiaries' productivity growth. These results present very strong regional characteristic.3

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“…Among the respondents, 205 (41.6%) were the founders or chief executive officers, 188 (38.1%) were chief financial officers and the rest (20.3%) were senior human resource managers. We then removed 124 foreign invested firms with less than 50% foreign ownership from our sample, as a firm with at least 50% foreign ownership can be seen as a multinational subsidiary (Jarillo and Martinez, 1990 Egelhoff (1988), Gates and Eglehoff (1986), Hedlund (1981), Young et al, (1988) and Taggart (1998), and employed the following variables:…”

Section: <Figure 4 About Here>mentioning

confidence: 99%

A dual-role typology of multinational subsidiaries

Wang

Liu

2009

International Business Review

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The analysis of multinational subsidiary roles or strategies has traditionally been from the viewpoint of the multinational enterprise (MNE) per se, focusing on a trade-off between the two strategic dimensions of integration and responsiveness (localization). This paper argues that a subsidiary is embedded in a dual context of both the MNE and the host environment, and hence its strategic role should be assessed by its relative positions and contributions both within the knowledge networks of the MNE and the host country. This dual typology is believed to be useful for the MNE and the host government in assessing the impacts of the subsidiary on the competitiveness enhancement of the MNE and local capability development. The framework is tested on a sample of 369 multinational subsidiaries in China.The results confirm that a subsidiary active both internally (through knowledge flows with the rest of the MNE) and externally (with the local partners) has not only the best financial and overall performance but also a most positive impact on local development. The managerial and policy implications are also discussed.

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Global Strategies, Multinational Subsidiary Roles and Economic Impact in Scotland

Cited by 96 publications

References 7 publications

Entrepreneurship, export orientation, and economic growth

Entrepreneurship, export orientation, and economic growth

Nature and determinants of productivity growth of foreign subsidiaries in Central and East European countries

A dual-role typology of multinational subsidiaries

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