Global water data: A newly endangered species

Vörösmarty, Charles I.; Askew, Arthur J.; Grabs, Wolfgang; Barry, Roger G.; Birkett, C. M.; Döll, Petra; Goodison, B.; Hall, A. Tilghman; Jenne, R.; Китаев, Л.М.; Landwehr, Jurate M.; Keeler, M.; Leavesley, George H.; Schaake, John C.; Strzepek, Ken; Sundarvel, S. S.; Takeuchi, Kazuhiko; Webster, Ferris

doi:10.1029/01eo00031

Cited by 178 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…But to assume that one can use mid-20 th century values for any European river to estimate future (or even present-day) fluxes to adjacent coastal waters can lead to severe miscalculations. Care must be taken in using up-to-date values, even at a time when the number of rivers and stations being monitored appears to be decreasing (Vorosmarty et al, 2001).…”

Section: Past and Future Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery and fate of fluvial water and sediment to the sea: a marine geologist's view of European rivers

Milliman¹

2001

Sci. Mar.

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Section: Past and Future Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery and fate of fluvial water and sediment to the sea: a marine geologist's view of European rivers

Milliman¹

2001

Sci. Mar.

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“…Generally, the majority of fluvial runoff and the related discharge of its suspended and dissolved constituents on a regional scale are provided by the largest local rivers, and small rivers (i.e., rivers with small drainage basins and small annual discharges) usually play an insignificant role. Moreover, most of the world's small rivers are not covered by regular hydrological and discharge measurements, which results in a lack of information about their runoff volume and variability (Vorosmarty et al, 2001;Hrachowitz et al, 2013). Hence, studies that focus on the delivery and fate of river-borne dissolved and suspended matter in coastal zones generally consider only one or several of the largest rivers of a study area, and the influence of small local rivers is neglected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small river plumes off the northeastern coast of the Black Sea under average climatic and flooding discharge conditions

Osadchiev

Korshenko

2017

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. This study focuses on the impact of discharges of small rivers on the delivery and fate of fluvial water and suspended matter at the northeastern part of the Black Sea under different local precipitation conditions. Several dozens of mountainous rivers flow into the sea at the study region, and most of them, except for several of the largest, have little annual runoff and affect adjacent coastal waters to a limited extent under average climatic conditions. However, the discharges of these small rivers are characterized by a quick response to precipitation events and can significantly increase during and shortly after heavy rains, which are frequent in the considered area. The delivery and fate of fluvial water and terrigenous sediments at the study region, under average climatic and rain-induced flooding conditions, were explored and compared using in situ data, satellite imagery, and numerical modeling. It was shown that the point-source spread of continental discharge dominated by several large rivers under average climatic conditions can change to the linesource discharge from numerous small rivers situated along the coast in response to heavy rains. The intense line-source runoff of water and suspended sediments forms a geostrophic alongshore current of turbid and freshened water, which induces the intense transport of suspended and dissolved constituents discharged with river waters in a northwestern direction. This process significantly influences water quality and causes active sediment load at large segments of the narrow shelf at the northeastern part of the Black Sea compared to average climatic discharge conditions.

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“…Such issues raised the attention of the scientific community, becoming the focus of coordinated scientific initiatives (e.g., prediction in ungauged basin (PUB), a science initiative of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, which was developed in the period [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012]. In a world where the data sharing capacity is increasing, it seems that the problem of data shortage for hydrologic model calibration is not going to disappear; the level gauge stations can be at a limited number of locations in a catchment and in some areas are very rare; additionally, in some areas the access to river-discharge information has been declining since the 1980s (Vörösmarty et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty reduction and parameter estimation of a distributed hydrological model with ground and remote-sensing data

Silvestro

Gabellani

Rudari

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

115

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Abstract. During the last decade the opportunity and usefulness of using remote-sensing data in hydrology, hydrometeorology and geomorphology has become even more evident and clear. Satellite-based products often allow for the advantage of observing hydrologic variables in a distributed way, offering a different view with respect to traditional observations that can help with understanding and modeling the hydrological cycle. Moreover, remote-sensing data are fundamental in scarce data environments. The use of satellite-derived digital elevation models (DEMs), which are now globally available at 30 m resolution (e.g., from Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission, SRTM), have become standard practice in hydrologic model implementation, but other types of satellite-derived data are still underutilized. As a consequence there is the need for developing and testing techniques that allow the opportunities given by remote-sensing data to be exploited, parameterizing hydrological models and improving their calibration.In this work, Meteosat Second Generation land-surface temperature (LST) estimates and surface soil moisture (SSM), available from European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) H-SAF, are used together with streamflow observations (S. N.) to calibrate the Continuum hydrological model that computes such state variables in a prognostic mode. The first part of the work aims at proving that satellite observations can be exploited to reduce uncertainties in parameter calibration by reducing the parameter equifinality that can become an issue in forecast mode. In the second part, four parameter estimation strategies are implemented and tested in a comparative mode: (i) a multi-objective approach that includes both satellite and ground observations which is an attempt to use different sources of data to add constraints to the parameters; (ii and iii) two approaches solely based on remotely sensed data that reproduce the case of a scarce data environment where streamflow observation are not available; (iv) a standard calibration based on streamflow observations used as a benchmark for the others.Two Italian catchments are used as a test bed to verify the model capability in reproducing long-term (multi-year) simulations.The results of the analysis evidence that, as a result of the model structure and the nature itself of the catchment hydrologic processes, some model parameters are only weakly dependent on discharge observations, and prove the usefulness of using data from both ground stations and satellites to additionally constrain the parameters in the calibration process and reduce the number of equifinal solutions.

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Global water data: A newly endangered species

Cited by 178 publications

References 1 publication

Delivery and fate of fluvial water and sediment to the sea: a marine geologist's view of European rivers

Delivery and fate of fluvial water and sediment to the sea: a marine geologist's view of European rivers

Small river plumes off the northeastern coast of the Black Sea under average climatic and flooding discharge conditions

Uncertainty reduction and parameter estimation of a distributed hydrological model with ground and remote-sensing data

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