Globalisation and Environmental Stewardship: A Global Governance Perspective

Esty, Daniel C.; Ivanova, Maria

doi:10.4337/9781849805773.00030

Cited by 33 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…For these analyses, we aggregated all above variables to the country level, and added information on per-capita gross domestic product, change in per-capita gross domestic product from 2000 to 2005 (ref. 36) and components of the Environmental Sustainability Score 26 . These component scores (and some of the areas they summarize) were in the following categories: Population Stress (incorporating fertility rates and projected population growth rates), Environmental Governance (incorporating various measures, including land protection, environmental knowledge and governmental effectiveness), Eco-efficiency (measures of energy efficiency and sustainability), Private Sector Responsiveness (various measures of the 'greenness' of business), Science and Technology (education rates, measures of innovation and percentage of population in research) and Participation in International Collaborative Efforts (international funding of environmental projects and participation in international agreements and organizations).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, tropical deforestation rates have been shown to decrease as government becomes increasingly democratic 17 and the rule of law becomes more secure 16 . We address this possibility using a suite of country-level descriptors of the human context 26 and ask how these descriptors relate to the association between tree cover and slope. Further, MODIS tree cover estimates are made yearly, allowing us to also obtain an estimate of the rate of tree cover change through time.…”

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Human impacts drive a global topographic signature in tree cover

Sandel

Svenning

2013

Nat Commun

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The Anthropocene is a geological epoch marked by major human influences on processes in the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and geosphere. One of the most dramatic features of the Anthropocene is the massive alteration of the Earth's vegetation, including forests. Here we investigate the role of topography in shaping human impacts on tree cover from local to global scales. We show that human impacts have resulted in a global tendency for tree cover to be constrained to sloped terrain and losses to be concentrated on flat terrain. This effect increases in strength with increasing human pressure and is most pronounced in countries with rapidly growing economies, limited human population stress and highly effective governments. These patterns likely reflect the relative inaccessibility of sloped topography and have important implications for conservation and modelling of future tree cover.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Human impacts drive a global topographic signature in tree cover

Sandel

Svenning

2013

Nat Commun

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“…yale.edu/esi) and the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) project (www.epi.yale.edu). The former aggregates 21 indicators covering five components: environmental systems, environmental stresses, human vulnerability, social and institutional capacity, and global stewardship (38). The latter focuses on two policy objectives, measuring environmental stresses to human health and ecosystems vitality, and evaluates 22 indicators spanning across a number of policy areas (39).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The data are available only from 1990, so we form the country-specific (and time-invariant) average over the period 1990-2006 (labeled PA i ). The second indicator is the ESI (www.yale.edu/esi/), developed conjunctly by the YCELP of Yale University, the Center for International Earth Science Information Network of Columbia University, the World Economic Forum, and the European Commission Joint Research Centre (38). The indicator, which includes a set of measures related to environmental, socioeconomic, institutional factors that characterize sustainability at the national level, is available only for 2005 at the country level (labeled ESI i ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Governance, agricultural intensification, and land sparing in tropical South America

Ceddia

Bardsley

Gómez-y-Paloma

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

118

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Significance Tropical South America has forest resources of global significance but exhibits a relatively high rate of deforestation. As agricultural expansion remains the most important cause of forest loss and degradation there, it is important to understand its main drivers. In this paper we address two important questions: How do the quality of governance and agricultural intensification combine to impact the spatial expansion of agriculture? Which aspects of governance are more likely to ensure that agricultural intensification allows sparing land for nature? By distinguishing between conventional and environmental dimensions of governance (which includes also the establishment of protected areas), we investigate which of these two aspects, by interacting with the process of agricultural intensification, is likely to promote land sparing.

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“…In this paper, we take a step towards developing a set of empirical tools to identify the key policy options and to test their links to improved 1 These 'indicator' efforts include: the Environmental Sustainability Index developed by the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy and Columbia University's Center for International Earth Science Information Network in collaboration with the World Economic Forum (WEF, 2001;Esty et al, 2005); the Living Planet Campaign sponsored by the World Wildlife Fund (Ricketts, 1999); the 'Weight of Nations' study conducted by the World Resources Institute with partners in Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, and Japan (Hammond et al, 1995); initiatives by the Organization for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment (1993, 1998) and the UN Commission on Sustainable Development (1996); the International Institute for Sustainable Development (Bossel, 1999); the informal 'Consultative Group on Sustainable Development Indicators' (International Institute for Sustainable Development, 1999); the UN Environment Programme (Bakkes et al, 1994); the European Union (Eurostat, 1999); the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (1998Development ( , 1999 (Verfaille and Bidwell, 2000); and the Boston-based CERES group (1997) as well as a number of national sustainable development councils and projects. A few studies have begun to analyze the links between corporate environmental performance and corporate profitability, most notably the corporate environmental rankings done by INNOVEST (Dixon, 2002) and by the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

National environmental performance: an empirical analysis of policy results and determinants

Esty¹,

PORTER²

2005

Envir. Dev. Econ.

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Efforts to identify the determinants of environmental policy success have largely been anecdotal and case study based. This article seeks to shift environmental policy analysis on to more analytically rigorous and empirical foundations. Using statistical analysis, we identify a set of factors that drive environmental performance as measured by levels of urban particulates, sulfur dioxide, and energy use per unit of GDP. Although the data are imperfect and causal linkages cannot be definitively established, the statistical analysis presented suggests that environmental results vary not only with income levels as suggested by the environmental Kuznet's curve literature but also with both the sophistication of a nation's regulatory regime and perhaps more notably, its broader economic and social circumstances.

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Globalisation and Environmental Stewardship: A Global Governance Perspective

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Human impacts drive a global topographic signature in tree cover

Human impacts drive a global topographic signature in tree cover

Governance, agricultural intensification, and land sparing in tropical South America

National environmental performance: an empirical analysis of policy results and determinants

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