Globally increased pelagic carbonate production during the Mid-Brunhes dissolution interval and the CO2 paradox of MIS 11

Barker, Stephen; Archer, David; Booth, Linda; Elderfield, Henry; Henderiks, Jorijntje; Rickaby, Rosalind E. M.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.07.018

Cited by 98 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The definition of an interglacial as the period of ice volume minimum/sea-level highstand (Shackleton, 1969), however, shortens this interval to 409 to 396 ka (based on the LR04 chronology; Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005). This shorter period is also the interval, when full interglacial conditions occurred in the Nordic Seas (Bauch et al, 2000). Because of the similarity in the eccentricity signal (Loutre and Berger, 2003), MIS 11c is the interglacial often used as equivalent to the Holocene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in mid-latitude North Atlantic surface water properties during the mid-Brunhes (MIS 9–14) and their implications for the thermohaline circulation

Voelker¹,

Rodrigues²,

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Stable isotope and ice-rafted debris records from three core sites in the mid-latitude North Atlantic (IODP Site U1313, MD01-2446, MD03-2699 are combined with records of ODP Sites 1056/1058 and 980 to reconstruct hydrographic conditions during the middle Pleistocene spanning Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 9-14 (300-540 ka). Core MD03-2699 is the first high-resolution mid-Brunhes record from the North Atlantic's eastern boundary upwelling system covering the complete MIS 11c interval and MIS 13. The array of sites reflect western and eastern basin boundary current as well as north to south transect sampling of subpolar and transitional water masses and allow the reconstruction of transport pathways in the upper limb of the North Atlantic's circulation. Hydrographic conditions in the surface and deep ocean during peak interglacial MIS 9 and 11 were similar among all the sites with relative stable conditions and confirm prolonged warmth during MIS 11c also for the mid-latitudes. Sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructions further reveal that in the mid-latitude North Atlantic MIS 11c is associated with two plateaus, the younger one of Correspondence to: A. Voelker (antje.voelker@lneg.pt) which is slightly warmer. Enhanced subsurface northward heat transport in the eastern boundary current system, especially during early MIS 11c, is denoted by the presence of tropical planktic foraminifer species and raises the question how strongly it impacted the Portuguese upwelling system. Deep water ventilation at the onset of MIS 11c significantly preceded surface water ventilation. Although MIS 13 was generally colder and more variable than the younger interglacials the surface water circulation scheme was the same. The greatest differences between the sites existed during the glacial inceptions and glacials. Then a north -south trending hydrographic front separated the nearshore and offshore waters off Portugal. While offshore waters originated from the North Atlantic Current as indicated by the similarities between the records of IODP Site U1313, ODP Site 980 and MD01-2446, nearshore waters as recorded in core MD03-2699 derived from the Azores Current and thus the subtropical gyre. Except for MIS 12, Azores Current influence seems to be related to eastern boundary system dynamics and not to changes in the Atlantic overturning circulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in mid-latitude North Atlantic surface water properties during the mid-Brunhes (MIS 9–14) and their implications for the thermohaline circulation

Voelker¹,

Rodrigues²,

et al. 2010

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“…Moreover, extreme African and Indian monsoon intensity, inferred from the occurrence of the anomalous sapropel Sa in the Mediterranean and a peak in planktic oxygen isotope records from the equatorial Indian Ocean (Bassinot et al, 1994a;Rossignol-Strick et al, 1998), is commonly linked to this event (Guo et al, 2009;Yin and Guo, 2008). Furthermore, the transition between MIS 14 and 13 coincides with the onset of the Mid-Brunhes dissolution interval (MBDI), which lasts until ∼280 ka (Barker et al, 2006;Bassinot et al, 1994b;Droxler et al, 1988). This period of extensive dissolution in the deep sea is probably not related to enhanced greenhouse gas forcing, since Antarctic ice core data and foraminiferal boron isotopes generally indicate low atmospheric pCO 2 levels, even within interglacial periods during this time (Hönisch et al, 2009;Petit, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative explanation for the MBDI invokes an increase in lowlatitude shelf carbonate production (Droxler et al, 1997). To add to that, it has been suggested that pelagic carbonate production increased globally due to the proliferation of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa (Bollmann et al, 1998), thereby, causing widespread dissolution in the deep sea (Barker et al, 2006). The most severe dissolution occured during MIS 11, which followed on from the so-called Mid-Brunhes event at ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Arabian Sea productivity conditions during MIS 13 – odd monsoon event or intensified overturning circulation at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition?

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Marine isotope stage (MIS) 13 (∼500 000 years ago) has been recognized as atypical in many paleoclimate records and, in particular, it has been connected to an exceptionally strong summer monsoon throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we present a multi-proxy study of a sediment core taken from the Murray Ridge at an intermediate water depth in the northern Arabian Sea that covers the last 750 000 years. Our results indicate that primary productivity conditions were anomalously high during MIS 13 in the Arabian Sea and led to extreme carbonate dissolution and glauconitization in the deep-sea sediments. These observations could be explained by increased wind driven upwelling of nutrient-rich deep waters and, hence, by the occurrence of an exceptionally strong summer monsoon event during MIS 13, as it was suggested in earlier studies. However, ice core records from Antarctica demonstrate that atmospheric methane concentrations, which are linked to the extent of tropical wetlands, were relatively low during this period. This constitutes a strong argument against an extremely enhanced global monsoon circulation during MIS 13 which, moreover, is in contrast with results of transient climate modelling experiments. As an alternative solution for the aberrant conditions in the Arabian Sea record, we propose that the high primary productivity was probably related to the onset of an intensive meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic Ocean at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition. This may have led to an increased supply of nutrient-rich deep waters into the Indian Ocean euphotic zone, thereby triggering the observed productivity maximum.

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“…Farrell and Prell (1991) suggested that a 600-kyr Brunhes Dissolution Cycle (BDC) be superimposed on glacial/ interglacial 100-kyr cycles during the Late Pleistocene in the central equatorial Pacific. The BDC is clearly apparent as a lower-frequency envelope on the 100-kyr cycles (Barker et al 2006;López-Otálvaro et al 2008), being observed in a wide variety of marine and continental records (e.g., Jansen et al 1986). On a longer timescale, pelagic CaCO 3 production was proposed to reveal a primary candidate driver for the BDC representing apparent mid-Brunhes dissolution (MBD) or the mid-Brunhes event (MBE), but its cause remains unknown (Pisias and Rea 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…On a longer timescale, pelagic CaCO 3 production was proposed to reveal a primary candidate driver for the BDC representing apparent mid-Brunhes dissolution (MBD) or the mid-Brunhes event (MBE), but its cause remains unknown (Pisias and Rea 1988). The MBE event has been reported in various places of the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Southern Oceans as well as the Red Sea (as summarized in Barker et al 2006). A change in the CaCO 3 record analyzed from our cores at about 350 ka can be correlated with a distinct MBE (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital Variations of Biogenic CaCO3 and Opal Abundance in the Western and Central Equatorial Pacific Ocean During the Late Quaternary

Khim¹,

Kim²,

Cho³

et al. 2012

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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Biogenic CaCO 3 and opal abundances were measured in two piston cores (PC313 and PC5101) collected, respectively, along the equator in the western and central Pacific Ocean. The age model for core PC313, which extends to about 750 ka, was developed by comparing the oxygen isotope stratigraphy of planktonic foraminifera (N. dutetrei) to the SPECMAP stack. The age model for core PC5101, which extends to about 600 ka, was developed by stratigraphic correlation of CaCO 3 contents to those in the well-dated core RC11-210 (Chuey et al. 1987). Both cores distinctly exhibited a series of CaCO 3 and opal variations, which are mainly controlled by the orbital eccentricity cycle of about 100-kyr. The orbital-scale cyclic variations of CaCO 3 and opal contents appear to be contrasting in both cores such that high CaCO 3 and low opal contents occurred during the glacial periods. In contrast, during the interglacial periods, low CaCO 3 and high opal contents occurred. Mostly remarkable is the distinct occurrence of a mid-Bruhnes event (MBE) at around 350 ka. The CaCO 3 content was higher in core PC5101 than in core PC313 before the MBE, whereas biogenic opal abundance became higher in core PC5101 after the MBE. Such a characteristic discrepancy of biogenic (CaCO 3 and opal) production, i.e., a succession of primary producers from coccolithophore to diatom, between cores PC313 and PC5101 may be attributed to the prevailing dominant hydrographic conditions (i.e., the South Equatorial Current), in the path of which both cores are located. The intensity of westward propagation might have been an important factor in contrasting biogenic production centering around the MBE.

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Globally increased pelagic carbonate production during the Mid-Brunhes dissolution interval and the CO2 paradox of MIS 11

Cited by 98 publications

References 87 publications

Variations in mid-latitude North Atlantic surface water properties during the mid-Brunhes (MIS 9–14) and their implications for the thermohaline circulation

Variations in mid-latitude North Atlantic surface water properties during the mid-Brunhes (MIS 9–14) and their implications for the thermohaline circulation

High Arabian Sea productivity conditions during MIS 13 – odd monsoon event or intensified overturning circulation at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition?

Orbital Variations of Biogenic CaCO3 and Opal Abundance in the Western and Central Equatorial Pacific Ocean During the Late Quaternary

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