Glucose levels in newborns with special reference to hypoglycemia: A study from rural India

Dias, Edwin; Gada, Sandeep

doi:10.4103/2249-4847.128729

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, later at 3 hours the mean blood glucose levels were high in 34-36 weeks neonates but remained low in 40-42 weeks neonates. 5 In the present study though majority of hypoglycemic infants were seen in the gestational age of 34-36 weeks, but it was not a significant determinant as the p value is more than 0.05.…”

contrasting

confidence: 59%

“…Dias E and Gada S reported the incidence of hypoglycemia (Blood glucose <40mg/dl) to be 17% wheares Jonas D et al reported 11.7% incidence of hypoglycemia. 5,6 Yoon JY et al reported 20% incidence in which hypoglycemia was defined as blood glucose level of less than 40mg/dl up to 24 hours and less than 50mg/dl thereafter. 7 Dashti N et al reported hypoglycemia incidence to be 15.15% which was less as compared to our study as in this study blood sugar during 1-3 hours, 3-24 hours and after 24 hours were labelled hypoglycemia when blood sugar was less than 35 mg/dl, 40 mg/dl and 45 mg/dl respectively whereas in our study blood sugar levels less than 45 mg/dl were labelled as hypoglycemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though p value was not significant, more hypoglycemic episodes were noted in babies delivered by lower segment caesarean section as compared to normal vaginal delivery. 5 Burdan DR et al studied that newborns born by caesarean section are at risk of hypoglycemia. 10 Kayiram SM and Gurakan B stated that vaginal delivered infants were found to have a significantly higher mean blood glucose concentration compared with those delivered by caesarean section which is in contrast to the result of the present study.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hypoglycemia in low birth weight neonates: frequency, pattern, and likely determinants

Saini

Gaur

Singh³

2018

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: Hypoglycemia is the commonest metabolic disorder of neonates. If not detected in time, it can lead to considerable morbidity and mortality. Hypoglycemia both symptomatic and asymptomatic can lead to long term neurological sequelae. Therefore, it needs early management to prevent brain damage in a developing neonate. The objective to study the frequency and pattern of hypoglycemia in low birth weight neonates (LBW) and the factors associated with hypoglycemia.Methods: All neonates less than 2500 gm were carefully examined, and a detailed antenatal, natal and postnatal history was obtained. The measurement of blood glucose was estimated by glucometer by taking blood sample by prewarmed heel prick and the same time venous blood sample was sent for laboratory confirmation by glucose oxidase method. Blood glucose was estimated by glucometer at 0, 1, 2, 3, 6 and every 6 hours till 72 hours and the clinical profile of these neonates was recorded.Results: Out of 50 neonates, 12 (24%) had one or more episode of hypoglycemia overall 20 episodes were recorded 15(75%) in first 24 hours and 5(25%) between 49-72 hours all the episodes were asymptomatic. Out of 12 hypoglycemic neonates 7 (58.3%) were small for gestational age (SGA) and 5 (41.7%) were AGA (P = ns). Sepsis was significantly noticed after hypoglycemia (p = 0.00). The pattern of blood glucose levels was significantly different among hypoglycemic babies and normoglycemic babies over first72 hours.Conclusions: Hypoglycemia was frequent among low birth weight babies more so in SGA babies in first 24 hours.

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confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypoglycemia in low birth weight neonates: frequency, pattern, and likely determinants

Saini

Gaur

Singh³

2018

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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“…Neonates and young children are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia leading to the well recognized long term sequelae especially with prolonged fasting [ 3 – 7 ]. While this dangerous problem is greatly recognized in western countries, reports have only started to emerge about neonatal hypoglycemia in developing countries [ 8 – 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Mortality Risk in Hypoglycemic and Dysglycemic Children Admitted at a Referral Hospital in a Non Malaria Tropical Setting of a Low Income Country

Hubert

Sayavong

Pussard³

2016

PLoS ONE

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IntroductionHypoglycemia is a recognized feature of severe malaria but its diagnosis and management remain problematic in resource-limited settings. There is limited data on the burden and prognosis associated with glycemia dysregulation in non-neonate children in non-malaria areas. We prospectively assessed the abnormal blood glucose prevalence and the outcome and risk factors of deaths in critically ill children admitted to a national referral hospital in Laos.MethodsConsecutive children (1 month-15 years) admitted to the pediatric ward of Mahosot hospital, were categorized using the integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI). Blood glucose was assessed once on admission through a finger prick using a bedside glucometer. Glycemia levels: hypoglycemia: < 2.2 mmol/L (< 40 mg⁄ dl), low glycemia: 2.2–4.4 mmol/L (40–79 mg⁄ dl), euglycemia: 4.4–8.3 mmol/L (80–149 mg⁄ dl), and hyperglycemia: > 8.3 mmol/L (≥150 mg⁄ dl), were related to the IMCI algorithm and case fatality using univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsOf 350 children, 62.2% (n = 218) were severely ill and 49.1% (n = 172) had at least one IMCI danger sign. A total of 15 (4.2%, 95%CI: 2.4–6.9) had hypoglycemia, 99 (28.2%, 95%CI: 23.6–33.3) low glycemia, 201 (57.4%, 95% CI: 52.0–62.6) euglycemia and 35 (10.0%, 95% CI: 7.0–13.6) hyperglycemia. Hypoglycemia was associated with longer fasting (p = 0.001) and limited treatment before admission (p = 0.09). Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia were associated with hypoxemia (SaO2) (p = 0.001). A total of 21 (6.0%) of the children died: 66.6% with hypoglycemic, 6.0% with low glycemic, 5.7% with hyperglycemic and 1.4% with euglycemic groups. A total of 9 (2.5%) deaths occurred during the first 24 hours of admission and 5 (1.7%) within 3 days of hospital discharge. Compared to euglycemic children, hypoglycemic and low glycemic children had a higher rate of early death (20%, p<0.001 and 5%, p = 0.008; respectively). They also had a higher risk of death (OR: 132; 95%CI: 29.0–596.5; p = 0.001; and OR: 4.2; 95%CI: 1.1–15.6; p = 0.02; respectively). In multivariate analyses, hypoglycemia (OR: 197; 95%CI: 33–1173.9), hypoxemia (OR: 5.3; 95%CI: 1.4–20), presence of hepatomegaly (OR: 8.7; 95%CI: 2.0–37.6) and having an illiterate mother (OR: 25.9; 95%CI: 4.2–160.6) were associated with increased risk of death.ConclusionHypoglycemia is linked with a high risk of mortality for children in non malaria tropical settings. Blood sugar should be monitored and treatment provided for sick children, especially with danger signs and prolonged fasting. Further evaluations of intervention using thresholds including low glycemia is recommended in resource-limited settings. Research is also needed to determine the significance, prognosis and care of hyperglycemia.

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“…Different studies in the literature have reported varying incidences. Dias E and Gada S [8] reported the incidence of hypoglycemia (Blood glucose <40mg/dl) to be 17% whereas Jonas D et al [9] reported 11.7% incidence of hypoglycemia. Yoon JY et al [10] reported a 20% incidence in which hypoglycemia was defined as a blood glucose level of less than 40mg/dl up to 24 hours and less than 50mg/dl thereafter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of hypoglycemia in neonates with low birth weight

Saleem

Siddique

2020

IJPR

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Background: Glucose metabolism disorders are common in low birth weight (LBW) infants and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Neonatal hypoglycemia, a common metabolic problem, often goes unnoticed owing to a lack of specific symptoms. Hypoglycemia both symptomatic and asymptomatic can lead to long term neurological sequelae. Therefore, it needs early management to prevent brain damage in a developing neonate. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors associated with hypoglycemia in low birth weight infants. Design: A hospital-based prospective longitudinal study. Duration: One year (October 2017-October 2018). Setting: Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad. Participants: 50 LBW neonates with birth weight less than 2500 grams. Methods: Blood glucose values were measured at the age of 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after delivery which was independent of feeding time. Blood glucose value of less than 40 mg/dl (2.2 mmol/l) was defined as hypoglycemia. For statistical analysis, SPSS software version 20 was used. Results: Out of 50 neonates, 15 (30%) had one or more episodes of hypoglycemia. Overall 22 episodes were recorded. Out of 15 hypoglycemic neonates, 8 (53.3%) were small for gestational age (SGA) and 7 (46.7%) were AGA. Sepsis was significantly noticed after hypoglycemia. The pattern of blood glucose levels was significantly different among hypoglycemic babies and normoglycemic babies over the first 72 hours. Conclusion: Hypoglycemia was frequent among low birth weight babies more so in SGA babies in the first 24 hours.

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Glucose levels in newborns with special reference to hypoglycemia: A study from rural India

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Hypoglycemia in low birth weight neonates: frequency, pattern, and likely determinants

Hypoglycemia in low birth weight neonates: frequency, pattern, and likely determinants

High Mortality Risk in Hypoglycemic and Dysglycemic Children Admitted at a Referral Hospital in a Non Malaria Tropical Setting of a Low Income Country

Study of hypoglycemia in neonates with low birth weight

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