Glucose Oxidase-like Rhodium Single-Atom Nanozymes: A Mimic Platform for Biometabolism and Electrometabolism of Glucose Oxidation at Neutral pH

Abstract

Rhodium single-atom nanozymes (Rh SANs), mimicking the function of natural glucose oxidase (GOD) for both biometabolism and electrometabolism of glucose oxidation, were designed in this work. Here, Rh SANs were proved to have the same biocatalytic mechanism as natural GOD, as well as a similar electrocatalytic path, namely two-electron electrooxidation from glucose to gluconic acid. On this basis, by coupling a bilirubin oxidase (BOD) biocathode, the Rh SANs-based glucose/O2 enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC) was developed, and a maximum power density of 135.0 ± 3.0 μW cm–2 was obtained, which was nearly 2-fold enhanced over that of natural GOD-based EBFC. In addition to gathering fuels from soft drinks available in daily life, this EBFC could be designed as a novel, low-cost, and miniaturized bio-energy device. With an ingenious catalyst and flexible configuration, the device not only accelerates the development of nanozymes but paves avenues for powering portable and wearable devices.

Nanozyme-Based Remodeling of Disease Microenvironments for Disease Prevention and Treatment: A Review

“…Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, and Ir NPs were also confirmed to catalyze the dehydrogenation of glucose; however, unlike Au NPs, the final product of the other noble metal NPs is H 2 O rather than H 2 O 2 . 14 Zhao et al 57 designed rhodium SANs with a catalytic mechanism similar to that of natural GOD and can exert glucose oxidase activity under neutral pH conditions.…”

Nanomaterials with Glucose Oxidase-Mimicking Activity for Biomedical Applications

“…Notably, with the size reduction of nanozymes to the level of a single atom, the catalytic reactions were carried out on a single atom to achieve a higher catalytic efficiency [ 48 ]. For instance, Rh single-atom nanozymes were found to display a stronger GOD-like activity than natural GOD in both the biometabolism and electrometabolism of glucose oxidation under neutral conditions, owing to the maximized atomic utilization efficiency [ 49 ].…”

Advances and perspectives of nanozymes in respiratory diseases

“…[62][63][64] The exploration of oxidase-like nanozymes could provide alternative strategies to mimic natural oxidases, including ascorbic acid oxidase, urate oxidase, laccase, sugar oxidase, etc. [65][66][67][68] Some oxidase-like nanozymes have the ability to catalyze the oxidation of substrates and produce H 2 O 2 , which can provide the components for some cascade reaction platforms. The formation of superoxide anion (O 2 À ) or singlet oxygen (O 2…”

“…62–64 The exploration of oxidase-like nanozymes could provide alternative strategies to mimic natural oxidases, including ascorbic acid oxidase, urate oxidase, laccase, sugar oxidase, etc. 65–68 Some oxidase-like nanozymes have the ability to catalyze the oxidation of substrates and produce H 2 O 2 , which can provide the components for some cascade reaction platforms. The formation of superoxide anion (O 2 ˙ − ) or singlet oxygen (O 2 1 ) from O 2 has been confirmed in the oxidase-like process catalyzed by nanozymes 69,70 Thus, most oxidase-like nanozymes can be used for different purposes ranging from biosensing to therapy which has reference significance for respiratory disease-related applications.…”