Glucuronoarabinoxylans as major cell walls polymers from young shoots of the woody bamboo Phyllostachys aurea

Zelaya, Víctor Martín; Fernández, Paula Virginia; Vega, Andrea S.; Mantese, Anita I.; Federico, Ana Ailén; Ciancia, Marina

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.015

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Arabinose and glucuronic acid are the other two main components, which account for 2.8-4.0% and 1.1-1.5%, respectively. This result suggests that glucuronoarabinoxylans are the substantial proportion of hemicelluloses in the cell wall of Neosinocalamus affinis, and this is in accordance with those found in other bamboo species [22]. Less galactose (0.3-0.5%) and glucose (0.5-1.0%) are also present in the fractions.…”

Section: Yield and Sugar Compositionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Fractionation of DMSO-Extracted and NaOH-Extracted Hemicelluloses by Gradient Ethanol Precipitation from Neosinocalamus affinis

Yue

et al. 2018

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Neosinocalamus affinis hemicelluloses were extracted with pure DMSO and 3% NaOH in sequence. The DMSO- and NaOH-extracted hemicelluloses were then successively fractionated by gradient ethanol precipitation. NaOH-extracted hemicellulosic fractions with different branch degree could be separated by gradient ethanol precipitation, while DMSO-extracted hemicellulosic fractions could not. FT-IR spectra showed that DMSO-extracted fractions have more complete structure, while NaOH-extracted fractions have no acetyl at all. The FT-IR and NMR revealed that the DMSO-extracted Neosinocalamus affinis hemicelluloses were 4-O-methyl-glucuronoarabinoxylans consisting of a linear (1→4)-β-D-xylopyranosyl backbone with branches at O-2,3 of acetyl, O-2 of 4-O-methyl-a-D glucuronic acid, and O-3 of arabinose.

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Section: Yield and Sugar Compositionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Fractionation of DMSO-Extracted and NaOH-Extracted Hemicelluloses by Gradient Ethanol Precipitation from Neosinocalamus affinis

Yue

et al. 2018

International Journal of Polymer Science

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“…In addition, the 1 H signals at about 2.1 ppm were attributed to O -acetyl groups linked as the terminal branches in the xylan skeleton ( 39 ). The trace and sporadic anomeric carbon signals at 109.1/5.32 ppm (in BLHP-A1) and 110.5/5.17 ppm (in BLHP-B1) in the HSQC spectrum ( Figures 5C1,C2 ) were assigned to →5)-α- L -Ara f -(1→structure ( 40 , 41 ). According to previous literature and NMR spectrum, the anomeric carbon signals near 102 ppm were attributed to C1 in Gal p relevant units ( 36 , 42 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hemicellulosic Polysaccharides From Bamboo Leaves Promoted by Phosphotungstic Acids and Its Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells

Xiao

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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In this work, we exploited an efficient method to release hemicellulosic polysaccharides (BLHP) from bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) leaves assisted by a small amount of phosphotungstic acid. Structural unit analysis proved that BLHP-A1 and BLHP-B1 samples possessed abundant low-branch chains in →4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→ skeleton mainly consisting of Xylp, Manp, Glcp, Galp, and Araf residues. According to the results of the antioxidant activity assays in vitro, both of the two fractions demonstrated the activity for scavenging DPPH⋅ and ABTS+ radicals and exhibited relatively a high reducing ability compared to the recently reported polysaccharides. Moreover, the antioxidant activities of purified polysaccharides were evaluated against H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage in HepG2 cells. BLHP-B1 showed more activity for preventing damages from H2O2 in HepG2 cells by improving the enzyme activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px and decreasing the production of MDA as well as suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. This study implied that BLHP could demonstrate its attenuation ability for oxidative stress in HepG2 cells.

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“…Fine control of pectin rheology by small diffusible AGP peptides has not previously been considered. Similar reasoning may apply to some monocots where glucuronoxylans largely replace pectin [59]. Finally, we can only agree that: "Cell expansion thus appears to be intimately linked to these wall sensor pathways in ways we are only beginning to fathom."…”

Section: Cell Wall Rheologymentioning

confidence: 84%

Phyllotaxis Turns Over a New Leaf—A New Hypothesis

Lamport

Held

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Phyllotaxis describes the periodic arrangement of plant organs most conspicuously floral. Oscillators generally underlie periodic phenomena. A hypothetical algorithm generates phyllotaxis regulated by the Hechtian growth oscillator of the stem apical meristem (SAM) protoderm. The oscillator integrates biochemical and mechanical force that regulate morphogenetic gradients of three ionic species, auxin, protons and Ca 2+ . Hechtian adhesion between cell wall and plasma membrane transduces wall stress that opens Ca 2+ channels and reorients auxin efflux "PIN" proteins; they control the auxin-activated proton pump that dissociates Ca 2+ bound by periplasmic arabinogalactan proteins (AGP-Ca 2+ ) hence the source of cytosolic Ca 2+ waves that activate exocytosis of wall precursors, AGPs and PIN proteins essential for morphogenesis. This novel approach identifies the critical determinants of an algorithm that generates phyllotaxis spiral and Fibonaccian symmetry: these determinants in order of their relative contribution are: (1) size of the apical meristem and the AGP-Ca 2+ capacitor; (2) proton pump activity; (3) auxin efflux proteins; (4) Ca 2+ channel activity; (5) Hechtian adhesion that mediates the cell wall stress vector. Arguably, AGPs and the AGP-Ca 2+ capacitor plays a decisive role in phyllotaxis periodicity and its evolutionary origins.Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 1145 2 of 15 stress-strain to the plasma membrane where an auxin-activated proton pump dissociates AGP-Ca 2+ . Elevated cytosolic Ca 2+ -activates exocytosis thus regulating plant growth. Discussion of the Hechtian Oscillator vis-a-vis the role of the primary cell wall in plant morphogenesis [2] suggests extrapolating the oscillator to phyllotaxis based on the premise that presence of the oscillator components implies the presence of a functional Hechtian Oscillator. Indeed, recent work suggests the mechanotransduction of stress relocates auxin efflux PIN proteins that generate new protoderm primordia. However, the precise biochemical mechanisms involved in stress transduction and the role of auxin and calcium homeostasis remain to be elucidated. Here, we invoke Hechtian adhesion and AGPs as essential components that lead us to propose a novel biochemical algorithm for floral phyllotaxis and an explanation of its strong tendency towards a periodic series first described by Fibonacci (1170Fibonacci ( -1240. This approach contrasts with many previous studies with an overwhelming mathematical bias. Indeed, many observations in Nature involve periodicity and the probable underlying oscillations Oscillatory plant growth, known since Darwin [3], was subsequently confirmed by rapid tip growth of pollen tubes and root hairs [4]. Plant morphogenesis also involves periodicity strikingly displayed by the pattern of leaves and floral organs [5] that often appear as Fibonacci spirals typified by whorls of 3, 5, 8, 13, 21 and 34 petals [6]. Hypothetically, such periodicity depends on an underlying oscillator such as the recently formulated Hechtian growth oscilla...

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Glucuronoarabinoxylans as major cell walls polymers from young shoots of the woody bamboo Phyllostachys aurea

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Fractionation of DMSO-Extracted and NaOH-Extracted Hemicelluloses by Gradient Ethanol Precipitation from Neosinocalamus affinis

Fractionation of DMSO-Extracted and NaOH-Extracted Hemicelluloses by Gradient Ethanol Precipitation from Neosinocalamus affinis

Hemicellulosic Polysaccharides From Bamboo Leaves Promoted by Phosphotungstic Acids and Its Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells

Phyllotaxis Turns Over a New Leaf—A New Hypothesis

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