GLUT3 as an Intersection of Glycerophospholipid Metabolism and the Innate Immune Response to Candida albicans

Abstract

Immune cells can optimize the management of metabolic resources to balance their energy requirements in order to regulate immune responses. The interconnection between immunometabolism and fungal infections is becoming increasingly apparent. Using proteome and metabolome assays, we found that stimulation of primary human monocytes by Candida albicans was accompanied by upregulation of glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) and activation of the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway. Upregulated GLUT3 expression has been preliminarily confirmed in monocytes from patients with C. albicans bloodstream infection. Our findings support the importance of GLUT3 in the complex network of glycerophospholipid metabolism and the innate immune responses against C. albicans. In summary, this study might contribute to decipher the regulatory mechanism between the monocyte metabolic reprogramming and innate immune response and reveal potential targets for the antifungal treatments.

Metabolomic and transcriptomic signatures of influenza vaccine response in healthy young and older adults

“…These genes showed positive correlation with TAGs/DAGs but negative correlation with glycerophospholipids and sterols. Glycerophospholipid abundance has been associated with an inflammatory phenotype (Köberlin & Snijder, 2015 ), and a previous study found that glycerophospholipids are increased in response to fungal infection (Wu et al, 2021 ). These findings may imply that the increased levels of glycerophospholipids in older HRs were associated with a strong response to flu vaccination.…”

Impact of Weissella cibaria BYL4.2 and its supernatants on Penicillium chrysogenum metabolism

“…As shown in Figure 7B , the P groups also exhibited high content of lipids and lipid-like molecules, including macrocarpal I, PS[20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/14:0], sarmentosin, 2-isopropylmalic acid, saponin D, stevioside; organic acids and derivatives including L-nicotianine; organic oxygen compounds including norerythromycin, N-acetyl-a-neuraminic acid, 5-methylthioribose (VIP > 2, p < 0.01). Macrocarpal I compounds have no bacteriostatic activity against gram-negative bacteria and fungi, but have bacteriostatic activity against gram-positive bacteria ( Wei, 2015 ); PS[20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/14:0] is a glycerophospholipid that promotes the activation of glycerophospholipid metabolism and GPC pathway cycling ( Wu et al, 2021 ). Sarmentosin is an unsaturated γ-hydroxynitrile glucoside produced by plants and is often chelated by lepidopterans, sarmentosin was previously reported only in plant systems and reported this metabolite for the first time in microbial systems ( Jibrin et al, 2021 ).…”

LncRNA: A Potential Target for Host-Directed Therapy of Candida Infection

“…When monocytes are stimulated and activated by PAMPs, glucose metabolism associated with ATP production is altered from aerobic oxidation to glycolysis. Recent studies have revealed that metabolic reprogramming after Candida stimulation affects the immune functions of monocytes [ 57 ]. Monocytes can differentiate into macrophages (M1, classically activated macrophages) to activate the immune defense.…”