1999
DOI: 10.1177/014860719902300512
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Glutamine: The Pivot of Our Nitrogen Economy?

Abstract: Glutamine serves as a shuttle of useful nontoxic nitrogen, supplying nitrogen from glutamine-producing (eg, muscle) to glutamine-consuming tissues. True production rates of glutamine are difficult to measure, but probably are less than 60 to 100 g/d for a 70-kg man. During catabolic stress increased amounts of glutamine are released from muscle, consisting of protein derived glutamine, newly synthesized glutamine, and glutamine losses from the intramuscular free pool. The large and rapid losses of free muscle … Show more

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Cited by 39 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…14 A major point in this work is that the glutaminebut not glycine or alanine-supplementation with refeeding noticeably decreased fasting-induced GS activity in skeletal muscle from very old female rats. In very old rats, a specific role of glutamine with advanced age was observed via glutamine synthesis: GS activity may be reduced if glutamine supply is sufficient to accommodate the demand of other peripheral tissues (gut and immune system) 24 and/or to decrease lowgrade inflammation state associated with aging. 6 This role appeared to be dependent of intracellular rather than circulating glutamine concentration, which did not change.…”
Section: Time Course Of Glutamine Supplementation In Fed Very Old Ratsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…14 A major point in this work is that the glutaminebut not glycine or alanine-supplementation with refeeding noticeably decreased fasting-induced GS activity in skeletal muscle from very old female rats. In very old rats, a specific role of glutamine with advanced age was observed via glutamine synthesis: GS activity may be reduced if glutamine supply is sufficient to accommodate the demand of other peripheral tissues (gut and immune system) 24 and/or to decrease lowgrade inflammation state associated with aging. 6 This role appeared to be dependent of intracellular rather than circulating glutamine concentration, which did not change.…”
Section: Time Course Of Glutamine Supplementation In Fed Very Old Ratsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Glutamine is a major fuel and important nitrogen source for enterocytes and plays a key role in maintaining mucosal cell integrity and gut barrier function (van Acker et al, 1999;Rhoads, 1999;Buchman, 1996;Hall et al, 1996;Gardiner et al, 1995;Lacey & Wilmore, 1990;Miller, 1999).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…G lutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in the body 1 and plays a key role in intermediary metabolism for rapidly dividing cells such as enterocytes and cells of the immune system. While the intestine derives a major portion of its energy requirements from glutamine oxidation, 2 glutamine also acts as a key precursor for intestinal synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione 3 and, in addition, stimulates intestinal synthesis of polyamines, 4 which play a major role in the control of enterocyte proliferation and repair.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%