Glutathione Promotes Degradation and Metabolism of Residual Fungicides by Inducing UDP-Glycosyltransferase Genes in Tomato

Abstract

Reduced glutathione (GSH) is a key antioxidant, which plays a crucial role in the detoxification of xenobiotics in plants. In the present study, glutathione could reduce chlorothalonil (CHT) residues in tomatoes by inducing the expression of the UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) gene. In plants, UGT is an important glycosylation catalyst, which can respond to stresses in time by activating plant hormones and defense compounds. Given the importance of plant growth and development, the genome-wipe analyses of Arabidopsis and soybean samples have been carried out, though not on the tomato, which is a vital vegetable crop. In this study, we identified 143 UGT genes in the tomato that were unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes and divided into 16 subgroups and found that a variety of plant hormones and stress response cis-elements were discovered in the promoter region of the SlUGT genes, indicating that the UGT genes were involved in several aspects of the tomato stress response. Transcriptome analysis and results of qRT-PCR showed that most SlUGT genes could be induced by CHT, and the expression of these genes was regulated by glutathione. In addition, we found that SlUGT genes could participate in plant detoxification through interaction with transcription factors. These findings further clarify the potential function of the UGT gene family in the detoxification of exogenous substances in tomatoes and provide valuable information for the future study of functional genomics of tomatoes.

Genome-Wide Analysis and Identification of UDP Glycosyltransferases Responsive to Chinese Wheat Mosaic Virus Resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana

“…These two groups have been found in wheat, as well [54]. In N. benthamiana, 81.63% of the NbUGTs did not contain any introns or contained only one intron, which is consistent with the number of UGT gene introns in tomato, rice, and cotton [51,53,55]. In this study, the website (http://cello.life.nctu.edu.tw/cello.html, accessed on 16 September 2022) was used to predict that these NbUGT genes were primarily located in the cytoplasm, whereas the UGT genes of wheat were mostly located in the cytoplasm, cell membrane, and chloroplast [54], and the UGT genes of cotton were mostly located in the cytosol and chloroplast [56].…”

“…In addition, the implementation of the Human Genome Project (HGP) and the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology have provided a vast amount of data for bioinformatics development. UGT genes have been identified and analyzed in many plants, such as maize, cotton, and tomato [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. N. benthamiana is a heterotetraploid species with 19 chromosomes.…”

First Clarification of the Involvement of Glycosyltransferase MdUGT73CG22 in the Detoxification Metabolism of Nicosulfuron in Apple

“…Numerous studies have shown that GTs play an important role in pesticide detoxification and plant selectivity to herbicides [33][34][35][36]. Zhang et al investigated the metabolism of atrazine after overexpression of the ARGT1 gene in rice (Oryza × sativa) and found that the glycosyltransferase 1 (ARGT1) played an important role in the metabolism and detoxification of atrazine in transgenic rice (Oryza × sativa).…”

Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals a Multi-Faceted Resistance Response to Fusarium Head Blight Mediated by the Thinopyrum elongatum Fhb7E Locus Transferred via Chromosome Engineering into Wheat

“…Thus, DON to glutathione conjugation is likely to be a key and distinctive mechanism of DON detoxification determined by the presence of the Fhb7E locus. Interestingly, the further involvement of GSH in detoxification mechanisms was highlighted by a recent study in tomato, where GSH was found to positively regulate the expression of UGT genes in response to a pesticide-induced stress [ 135 ]. If the same crosstalk mechanism among seemingly independent plant protective paths would also be active in our system, it would explain the enhancement of both DON–GSH and D3G observed in Fhb7E carriers compared with the control line.…”