Glycaemic status affects the subgingival microbiome of diabetic patients

Longo, Priscila Larcher; Dabdoub, Shareef M; Kumar, Purnima; Artese, Hilana Paula Carillo; Dib, Sérgio Atala; Romito, Giuseppe Alexandre; Mayer, Márcia Pinto Alves

doi:10.1111/jcpe.12908

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Our results indicated that microbial dysbiosis of T2D were related by factors beyond just obesity or glycemic poor control, when considering the subjects who presented with dyslipidemia disorders. However, we could infer from the present study that subjects with TL, TC poor control, and an atherogenic index harbored an additional risk factor that influenced microbial changes of T2D, with a higher proportion of saccharolytic species like Streptococcus sp., Actinomyces sp., and Capnocytophaga sp., in accordance with the subgingival microbiota of previous reports [35,42]. Despite the fact that putative or pathogenic periodontal species F. periodonticum , T. forsythia , and A. actinomycetemcomitans presented higher levels, prevalence, or proportion in T2D individuals with TC and LDL poor control, and T. denticola in obesity (as observed in this study), it was not clear when those pathogenic species did not comprise the main microbiota in GP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These results were contradictory to other reports that found that subjects with obesity show higher proportions of some pathogenic species [40,41] and another study that found that subjects with poor glycemic control, with mean value of HbA1c > 10%, showed higher abundances of Streptococcus sp. [42]. Our contradictory findings might be a result of the differences in glycemic control of T2D subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Despite the fact that putative or pathogenic periodontal species F. periodonticum , T. forsythia , and A. actinomycetemcomitans presented higher levels, prevalence, or proportion in T2D individuals with TC and LDL poor control, and T. denticola in obesity (as observed in this study), it was not clear when those pathogenic species did not comprise the main microbiota in GP. According to the scientific literature, metabolic and nutritional status of diabetic individuals are linked to subgingival microbial dysbiosis due to dysregulated immune-inflammatory responses, and the subgingival environment represent an enriched source of carbohydrates [10,33,42]. Therefore, the need for a longitudinal study to evaluate the transition of subgingival microbiota from PH to GP in T2D is evident; however, from the results of the present study we could be speculated that T2D might share certain immunological traits that could lead to comparable changes in the subgingival microbial composition, due to obesity and poor metabolic control of glycated hemoglobin and lipid profile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subgingival Microbiota of Mexicans with Type 2 Diabetes with Different Periodontal and Metabolic Conditions

Rodríguez-Hernández

Márquez-Corona

Pontigo-Loyola

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Background: Type-2-Diabetes (T2D) and Periodontitis are major inflammatory diseases. However, not much is known about the specific subgingival microbiota in Mexicans with diabetes and metabolic dysbiosis. The aim of this study was to describe the subgingival microbiota of Mexicans with T2D and the different periodontal and metabolic conditions, through “Checkerboard” DNA–DNA hybridization. Methods: Subjects were divided into two groups—periodontal-health (PH) (PH_non-T2D; n = 59, PH_T2D; n = 14) and generalized-periodontitis (GP) (GP_non-T2D; n = 67, GP_T2D; n = 38). Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and serum levels of glycated-hemoglobin (HbA1c), total-lipids, triglycerides, total-cholesterol, high-density-lipids, and low-density-lipids were measured for the T2D individuals. Subgingival microbial identification was processed for 40 species through DNA-probes. Results: Subjects with T2D harbored significantly higher mean total levels (PH: p < 0.001, and GP_NS), a lower proportion of “red” complex (GP: p < 0.01), a higher proportion of “yellow” (GP; p < 0.001), and “orange” (GP; p < 0.01) complex than the non-T2D. GP_T2D individuals exhibited a greater proportion of putative-species—Campylobacter gracilis and S. constellatus (p < 0.001), and Parvimonas micra and Prevotella nigrescens (p < 0.01), than GP_non-T2D. T2D individuals with HbA1c > 8% had presented significantly higher mean pocket-depth and higher levels of G. morbillorum (p < 0.05) and those with obesity or dyslipidemia harbored higher levels, prevalence, or proportion of Streptococcus sp., Actinomyces sp., and Capnocytophaga sp. Conclusions: T2D individuals harbored a particular microbial profile different to non-T2D microbiota. Metabolic control was related to dysbiosis of microbiota—HbA1c>8% related to periodontitis and obesity or dyslipidemia with the predominance of saccharolytic bacteria, irrespective of their periodontal condition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Subgingival Microbiota of Mexicans with Type 2 Diabetes with Different Periodontal and Metabolic Conditions

Rodríguez-Hernández

Márquez-Corona

Pontigo-Loyola

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Alloprevotella spp. has been related to the high production of succinic acid and acetic acid as end products [44,45]. Succinic acid at a high level can cause pathological conditions includes inflammation, tissue injury and malignant transformation [46,47].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Profiling of Aflatoxin B1-Induced Rats Treated with Lactobacillus casei Shirota

Liew

Sabran

Than

2019

Toxins

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a ubiquitous carcinogenic food contaminant. Gut microbiota is of vital importance for the host’s health, regrettably, limited studies have reported the effects of xenobiotic toxins towards gut microbiota. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the interactions between AFB1 and the gut microbiota. Besides, an AFB1-binding microorganism, Lactobacillus casei Shirota (Lcs) was tested on its ability to ameliorate the changes on gut microbiota induced by AFB1. The fecal contents of three groups of rats included an untreated control group, an AFB1 group, as well as an Lcs + AFB1 group, were analyzed. Using the MiSeq platform, the PCR products of 16S rDNA gene extracted from the feces were subjected to next-generation sequencing. The alpha diversity index (Shannon) showed that the richness of communities increased significantly in the Lcs + AFB1 group compared to the control and AFB1 groups. Meanwhile, beta diversity indices demonstrated that AFB1 group significantly deviated from the control and Lcs + AFB1 groups. AFB1-exposed rats were especially high in Alloprevotella spp. abundance. Such alteration in the bacterial composition might give an insight on the interactions of AFB1 towards gut microbiota and how Lcs plays its role in detoxification of AFB1.

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“…Gulia et al (2018) found that diabetic saliva has more potential to form a biofilm of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans than non-diabetic saliva. Longo et al (2018) analyzed the subgingival microbiome in diabetic patients and found that subgingival biofilm composition was significantly different in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. These studies mainly focused on oral infections such as periodontitis; few studies have addressed skin and soft tissue infection, although biofilm infection plays an important role in chronic wounds ( Malone et al, 2017 ; Wu et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Glycation End Products Enhance Biofilm Formation by Promoting Extracellular DNA Release Through sigB Upregulation in Staphylococcus aureus

Xie

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Bacterial biofilms do serious harm to the diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) because they play a crucial role in infection invasion and spread. Staphylococcus aureus , the predominant Gram-positive bacteria in diabetic foot infection (DFI), is often associated with colonization and biofilm formation. Through biofilm formation tests in vitro , we observed that S. aureus bacteria isolated from DFU wounds were more prone to form biofilms than those from non-diabetic patients, while there was no difference in blood sugar between the biofilm (+) diabetics (DB+) and biofilm (-) diabetics (DB-). Furthermore, we found that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promoted the biofilm formation of S. aureus in clinical isolates and laboratory strains in vitro , including a methicillin-resistant strain. Analysis of biofilm components demonstrated that the biofilms formed mainly by increasing extracellular DNA (eDNA) release; remarkably, the S. aureus global regulator sigB was upregulated, and its downstream factor lrgA was downregulated after AGE treatments. Mechanism studies using a sigB -deleted mutant (Newman-Δ sigB ) confirmed that AGEs decreased expression of lrgA via induction of sigB , which is responsible for eDNA release and is a required component for S. aureus biofilm development. In conclusion, the present study suggests that AGEs promote S. aureus biofilm formation via an eDNA-dependent pathway by regulating sigB . The data generated by this study will provide experimental proof and theoretical support to improve DFU infection healing.

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Glycaemic status affects the subgingival microbiome of diabetic patients

Abstract: Glycaemic status in T2DM patients seems to modulate subgingival biofilm composition.

Cited by 38 publications

References 56 publications

Subgingival Microbiota of Mexicans with Type 2 Diabetes with Different Periodontal and Metabolic Conditions

Subgingival Microbiota of Mexicans with Type 2 Diabetes with Different Periodontal and Metabolic Conditions

Gut Microbiota Profiling of Aflatoxin B1-Induced Rats Treated with Lactobacillus casei Shirota

Advanced Glycation End Products Enhance Biofilm Formation by Promoting Extracellular DNA Release Through sigB Upregulation in Staphylococcus aureus

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