Glycerin from biodiesel in the feeding of red-egg layers

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vegetable glycerin on performance and egg quality of red-egg layers in the second production cycle. A total of 252 Hy-Line Brown layers weighing 1.919 ± 0.095 kg, at 90 weeks, were used in a completely randomized design with six treatments and seven birds per replication. The experiment lasted 84 days. Treatments consisted of a control diet (no glycerin) and five diets with increasing levels of vegetable glycerin (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%). The following variables were evaluated: feed intake (g/bird/day); egg production (%); egg weight (g); egg mass (g/bird/day); conversion per egg mass (kg kg) and per dozen eggs (kg/dz); percentages of albumen, yolk, and shell; eggshell thickness (mm); and egg specific gravity. (Y = 67.69 + 54.23X, R 2 = 0.78) and egg mass (Y = 44.84 + 42.87X, R 2 = 0.66) improved linearly with the glycerin levels. A quadratic effect was observed (Y = 114.11 + 336.96 X -3,169.6 X 2 , R 2 = 0.52) on feed intake. In conclusion, glycerin can be used to partially replace corn in diets for layers in the second production cycle at inclusion levels of up to 10%. Key words: Alternative feedstuff. Nutrition. Performance. Egg-laying. ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da glicerina vegetal sobre o desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras de ovos vermelhos em segundo ciclo de produção. Foram utilizadas 252 poedeiras Hy-Line Brown, pesando 1,919 ± 0,095 kg com 90 semanas, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e sete aves por repetições. O experimento teve duração de 84 dias. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma dieta controle (sem glicerina), e cinco dietas com níveis de glicerina vegetal (2, 4, 6, 8 e 10%). As variáveis avaliadas foram: consumo de ração (g/ave/dia), produção de ovos (%), peso do ovo (g), massa de ovos (g/ave/dia), conversão por massa de ovos (kg/kg), conversão por dúzia de ovos (kg/dz), percentual de albúmen, gema e casca, espessura de casca (mm) e gravidade específica dos ovos. A produção (Y = 67.69 + 54.23X, R 2 = 0.78) e massa de ovos (Y = 44.84 + 42.87X, R 2 = 0.66) melhoraram linearmente com os níveis de glicerina. Foi observado efeito quadrático (Y = 114.11 + 336.96 X -3.169.6 X 2 , R 2 = 0.52) sobre o consumo de ração. Conclui-se que a glicerina pode ser utilizada em substituição parcial ao milho, nas dietas para poedeiras em segundo ciclo de produção, no nível de até 10% de inclusão. Palavras-chave: Alimento alternativo. Desempenho. Nutrição. Postura.

Crude Glycerin and Energy Density of Diets for Growing, Pre-Lay and Pre-Peak Backcob Brown Egg-Laying Hens

“…Similarly, the physical characteristics of the eggs were not affected by the experimental treatments (results not presented), which on average, recorded the following values: 0.41 mm in shell thickness, 11.9 in color score, 5.95 mm in albumin height and 89.3 Haugh units. Similar to what was found in this study, the literature concludes that shell thickness, yolk color or the height of the albumin of the eggs are not affected by the levels of glycerin inclusion in the diets (Swiatkiewicz & Koreleski, 2009Boso et al, 2013Duarte et al, 2014;Mandalawi et al, 2015;Cufadar et al, 2016;Fontinele et al, 2017).…”

“…Some authors mention that the (Guerra et al, 2011), however, in this study, the use of crude glycerin with 1.1% sodium did not cause that effect. The increase in egg-laying by using glycerin in diets was reported by Fontinele et al (2017) in brown chickens in the second egg-laying cycle, where birds fed diets containing 10% crude glycerin laid 6% more eggs compared to birds in the control group. Boso et al (2013) observed that egg production of laying hens increased linearly with the consumption of glycerin in a range that varied between 1.5 and 7.5% during the 16 weeks that egg-laying lasted, and this response is directly related to the increase in feed consumption.…”

“…Min et al (2010) indicate that glycerin can stimulate feed consumption as it has a sweet taste. The increase in feed consumption in egg-laying hens by using glycerin in diets was reported by Fontinele et al (2017) in red egg-layers of 90 weeks of age, with an estimated maximum of 6%, and also by Suchy et al (2012) with 4% glycerol, when they replaced soybean oil with glycerin. Some authors mention that the (Guerra et al, 2011), however, in this study, the use of crude glycerin with 1.1% sodium did not cause that effect.…”

“…This last group of researchers also reported a quadratic response in egg weight, with an estimated minimum inclusion of 4.9% glycerin (Boso et al, 2013). However, Fontinele et al (2017) reported a positive linear effect of the inclusion of glycerin in diets on egg mass in brown chickens associated with increased feed consumption. Increase in feed intake positively affects egg mass, as reported by Zheng et al (2020), when the supply of diets in mash or pellet was evaluated.…”

“…In egg-laying quails, the use of diets with inclusions of up to 10% glycerin did not affect the percentage of egg-laying or egg weight (Erol et al, 2009;Ghayas et al, 2017). Some authors conclude that feed use efficiency in egg-laying hens is not affected by the inclusion of glycerin in the diets, since in some cases, the increase in egg-laying and mass was correlated with feed consumption (Fontinele et al, 2017) or a similar productive response is evidenced in the variables that build this index (Swiatkiewicz & Koreleski, 2009).…”