Glycine Betaine as a Major Osmolyte under Abiotic Stress in Halophytes

Siddiqui, Shahrukh A.; Kumari, Anupam; Rathore, Mangal S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-57635-6_118

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Proline is a multifunctional molecule that acts as a molecular chaperone, enhances enzyme activity, prevents membrane damage, and scavenges the ROS [ 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 ]. Furthermore, under stressful environments, GB protects the photosynthetic apparatus, enhances the enzyme activity, helps in osmotic adjustments, and also prevents protein damage [ 90 , 91 , 92 ]. Proline and GB have been reported as strong osmolytes, and their accumulation was reported under Cr stress [ 93 , 94 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Negative Effects of Chromium (VI) Toxicity in Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Plants through the Supplementation of Kinetin (KN) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3)

Alam

Azzam

Balawi

et al. 2022

Plants

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The present study was carried out to explore the possible role of kinetin and gibberellic acid (GA3) on faba bean under chromium (Cr) stress. Cr treatment negatively affected growth and biomass production, reduced photosynthetic pigments, and inhibited photosynthesis, gas exchange parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and the glyoxylase cycle. Moreover, Cr stress enhanced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA, 216.11%) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 230.16%), electrolyte leakage (EL, 293.30%), and the accumulation of proline and glycine betaine. Exogenous application of kinetin and GA3 increased growth and biomass, improved pigment contents and photosynthesis, as well as up-regulated the antioxidant system by improving the antioxidant enzyme activities and the content of nonenzymatic components, and the glyoxylase cycle. Additionally, kinetin and GA3 application displayed a considerable enhancement in proline (602.61%) and glycine betaine (423.72), which help the plants to maintain water balance under stress. Furthermore, a decline in Cr uptake was also observed due to kinetin and GA3 application. Exogenous application of kinetin and GA3 ameliorated the toxic effects of Cr in faba bean plants, up-shooting the tolerance mechanisms, including osmolyte metabolism and the antioxidant system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Negative Effects of Chromium (VI) Toxicity in Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Plants through the Supplementation of Kinetin (KN) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3)

Alam

Azzam

Balawi

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…It helps in retaining membrane structure and photosynthetic machinery, preventing ROS accumulation (Singh and Thakur 2018). Choline and glycine are the precursor molecules for the production of glycine betaine (Siddiqui et al 2021). Polyols which are sugar alcohols, also important osmolytes.…”

Section: Role Of Osmolytes As Plant Abiotic Stress Respondentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing future heat-resilient vegetable crops

Saeed

Chaudhry

Raza

et al. 2023

Funct Integr Genomics

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Climate change seriously impacts global agriculture, with rising temperatures directly affecting the yield. Vegetables are an essential part of daily human consumption and thus have importance among all agricultural crops. The human population is increasing daily, so there is a need for alternative ways which can be helpful in maximizing the harvestable yield of vegetables. The increase in temperature directly affects the plants’ biochemical and molecular processes; having a significant impact on quality and yield. Breeding for climate-resilient crops with good yields takes a long time and lots of breeding efforts. However, with the advent of new omics technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, the efficiency and efficacy of unearthing information on pathways associated with high-temperature stress resilience has improved in many of the vegetable crops. Besides omics, the use of genomics-assisted breeding and new breeding approaches such as gene editing and speed breeding allow creation of modern vegetable cultivars that are more resilient to high temperatures. Collectively, these approaches will shorten the time to create and release novel vegetable varieties to meet growing demands for productivity and quality. This review discusses the effects of heat stress on vegetables and highlights recent research with a focus on how omics and genome editing can produce temperature-resilient vegetables more efficiently and faster.

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“…Glycine betaine is another essential osmoprotectant that can be accumulated in response to salinity [25]. Glycine betaine can maintain cellular turgor pressure to prevent oxidative stress [26]. Previous reports demonstrated that high salinity induced a significant increase in proline [16,18,20] and glycine betaine [27] contents in S. europaea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Changes in Biochemical Responses to Salt Stress in Three Salicornia Species

Homayouni,

Razi,

Izadi

et al. 2024

Plants

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Halophytes adapt to salinity using different biochemical response mechanisms. Temporal measurements of biochemical parameters over a period of exposure to salinity may clarify the patterns and kinetics of stress responses in halophytes. This study aimed to evaluate short-term temporal changes in shoot biomass and several biochemical variables, including the contents of photosynthetic pigments, ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+), osmolytes (proline and glycine betaine), oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and malondialdehyde), and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) activities of three halophytic Salicornia species (S. persica, S. europaea, and S. bigelovii) in response to non-saline, moderate (300 mM NaCl), and high (500 mM NaCl) salinity treatments at three sampling times. Salicornia plants showed maximum shoot biomass under moderate salinity conditions. The results indicated that high Na+ accumulation in the shoots, coupled with the relative retention of K+ and Ca2+ under salt stress conditions, contributed significantly to ionic and osmotic balance and salinity tolerance in the tested Salicornia species. Glycine betaine accumulation, both constitutive and salt-induced, also seems to play a crucial role in osmotic adjustment in Salicornia plants subjected to salinity treatments. Salicornia species possess an efficient antioxidant enzyme system that largely relies on the ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase activities to partly counteract salt-induced oxidative stress. The results also revealed that S. persica exhibited higher salinity tolerance than S. europaea and S. bigelovii, as shown by better plant growth under moderate and high salinity. This higher tolerance was associated with higher peroxidase activities and increased glycine betaine and proline accumulation in S. persica. Taking all the data together, this study allowed the identification of the biochemical mechanisms contributing significantly to salinity tolerance of Salicornia through the maintenance of ion and osmotic homeostasis and protection against oxidative stress.

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Glycine Betaine as a Major Osmolyte under Abiotic Stress in Halophytes

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Mitigation of Negative Effects of Chromium (VI) Toxicity in Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Plants through the Supplementation of Kinetin (KN) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3)

Mitigation of Negative Effects of Chromium (VI) Toxicity in Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Plants through the Supplementation of Kinetin (KN) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3)

Developing future heat-resilient vegetable crops

Temporal Changes in Biochemical Responses to Salt Stress in Three Salicornia Species

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