Glycophenotype of prostatic carcinomas.

Abstract

Abstract:The factors that affect the progression of prostatic carcinoma are poorly understood, but it is known that carbohydrate antigens on the tumour cell surface play a role in the transforming and metastatic processes. The present report aimed to perform a comparative, lectin-histochemical study of benign and carcinomatous prostates, using a battery of lectins, in combination with monoclonal antibodies against Lewis antigens, and a semi quantitative study, to investigate the changes in glycosylation patterns that occur in prostatic carcinoma. Blocks from 27 necropsy cases of prostatic carcinoma were sectioned and stained with H+E, fifteen biotinylated lectins chosen to probe for a wide range of oligosaccharide sequences within several categories of glycoprotein glycans, using a lectin-biotin avidin-peroxidase method, and monoclonal antibodies against Lewis a , sialyl Lewis a and sialyl Lewis x antigens. The glycophenotype of prostatic carcinoma differed from that of the noncancerous prostate in revealing more intense staining with the following lectins (AAA, UEA-1, DBA, WFA, VVA, HPA, BSA-1 B4 , MPA, ECA, AHA, and CTA), while the binding patterns of (GNA and NPA) were almost similar in both prostatic carcinoma and the noncancerous prostate. Lewis antigens are found to be expressed in prostatic carcinomas but not in the noncancerous prostate. The observations of this study suggest that the gylcophenotype of transformed prostatic cells was modified. It showed a moderate increase in, and changing patterns of, fucosylation and galactosylation, increased branching of side chains and sharp rise in 2 deoxy, 2 acetamido galactosylation and masking process by sialylation, especially by α2-3 and α2-6 linkages. All these changes in the glycosylation pattern of the transformed prostatic cells were observed on O-glycans, no changes were observed on N-glycans.

Regulation of the metastatic cell phenotype by sialylated glycans

“…8). sLe is primarily found on glycolipids or O -glycans of glycoproteins [19], and the expression of sLe is elevated in many different types of cancer [156–158]. sLe occurs in two isomers, sLe a and sLe x (Fig.…”

Wisteria floribunda Agglutinin and Its Reactive-Glycan-Carrying Prostate-Specific Antigen as a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Prostate Cancer

“…Therefore, the quantification of LacdiNAc glycan carrying glycoproteins or tissue-specific expression of LacdiNAc glycan detected by the WFA has shown promise as cancer glycobiomarkers [17,18,19]. In particular, regarding PCa, there are only three papers about LacdiNAc distribution in prostate biopsy (Pbx) and RP specimens using WFA [15,16,20], and they did not report the relation between WFA-reactivity in tissues and PCa prognosis. Although there are only a few reports including our group’s about PCa-associated aberrant LacdiNAc carrying PSA-glycosylation isomer (PSA-Gi) (Figure 1) [21,22], we demonstrate a pilot study of serum PSA-Gi as a diagnostic biomarker by using an automated two-step WFA–anti-PSA antibody sandwich immunoassay using high-sensitivity surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectrometry (SPFS) (Figure 2) [22].…”

The androgen receptor controls expression of the cancer-associated sTn antigen and cell adhesion through induction of ST6GalNAc1 in prostate cancer

“…The cellular expression status of glycan structures is critical for cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis. In PCa the glyco-phenotype of transformed cells often becomes modified with a sharp rise in sialylation of O-glycans [ 8 ].…”