Glycyrrhiza uralensis Nodules: Histological and Ultrastructural Organization and Tubulin Cytoskeleton Dynamics

Tsyganova, Anna V.; Kitaeva, Anna B.; Gorshkov, Artemii P.; Kusakin, Pyotr G.; Sadovskaya, Alexandra R.; Borisov, Yaroslav G.; Tsyganov, V. E.

doi:10.3390/agronomy11122508

Cited by 6 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…For scanning electron microscopy, nodules were prepared as previously described ( Tsyganova et al, 2021 ). The samples were observed in a Tescan MIRA3 LMU scanning electron microscope (Tescan, Brno, Czech Republic) at 9 kV.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteroids were isolated as previously described ( Tsyganova et al, 2021 ). Briefly, 3-week-old nodules (five nodules for each species) were cut into pieces, digested by cellulase, and stained with propidium iodide.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both types of nodules, the number of symbiosomes in infected cells is crucially increased. The hosting of symbiosomes in infected cells recruits both tubulin ( Kitaeva et al, 2016 , 2021 ; Tsyganova et al, 2021 ) and actin cytoskeletons ( Gavrin et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ). The detailed analysis of tubulin organization in the nodules of six different legume species forming indeterminate nodules revealed that endoplasmic microtubules are spread between symbiosomes and are organized in two main patterns: regular and irregular ones, corresponding to ordered or disordered distribution of symbiosomes ( Kitaeva et al, 2016 , 2021 ; Tsyganova et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hosting of symbiosomes in infected cells recruits both tubulin ( Kitaeva et al, 2016 , 2021 ; Tsyganova et al, 2021 ) and actin cytoskeletons ( Gavrin et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ). The detailed analysis of tubulin organization in the nodules of six different legume species forming indeterminate nodules revealed that endoplasmic microtubules are spread between symbiosomes and are organized in two main patterns: regular and irregular ones, corresponding to ordered or disordered distribution of symbiosomes ( Kitaeva et al, 2016 , 2021 ; Tsyganova et al, 2021 ). The regular pattern is common for infected cells in M. truncatula and Galega orientalis nodules, whereas the irregular one is a prerequisite for Cicer arietinum and Pisum sativum infected cells; finally, an intermediate pattern is characteristic of Vicia sativa and Glycyrrhiza uralensis infected cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In indeterminate nodules of six legume species the transverse orientation of cortical microtubules is a prerequisite for anisotropic growth of uninfected cells and colonized cells (with infection threads and droplets but without bacterial release). However, bacterial release leads to irregular orientation of cortical microtubules, which provides a possibility for isodiametric cell growth that allows a notable increase in cell size for the hosting of numerous symbiosomes ( Kitaeva et al, 2016 , 2021 ; Tsyganova et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tubulin Cytoskeleton Organization in Cells of Determinate Nodules

et al. 2022

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Plant cell differentiation is based on rearrangements of the tubulin cytoskeleton; this is also true for symbiotic nodules. Nevertheless, although for indeterminate nodules (with a long-lasting meristem) the organization of microtubules during nodule development has been studied for various species, for determinate ones (with limited meristem activity) such studies are rare. Here, we investigated bacteroid morphology and dynamics of the tubulin cytoskeleton in determinate nodules of four legume species: Glycine max, Glycine soja, Phaseolus vulgaris, and Lotus japonicus. The most pronounced differentiation of bacteroids was observed in G. soja nodules. In meristematic cells in incipient nodules of all analyzed species, the organization of both cortical and endoplasmic microtubules was similar to that described for meristematic cells of indeterminate nodules. In young infected cells in developing nodules of all four species, cortical microtubules formed irregular patterns (microtubules were criss-crossed) and endoplasmic ones were associated with infection threads and infection droplets. Surprisingly, in uninfected cells the patterns of cortical microtubules differed in nodules of G. max and G. soja on the one hand, and P. vulgaris and L. japonicus on the other. The first two species exhibited irregular patterns, while the remaining two exhibited regular ones (microtubules were oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of cell) that are typical for uninfected cells of indeterminate nodules. In contrast to indeterminate nodules, in mature determinate nodules of all four studied species, cortical microtubules formed a regular pattern in infected cells. Thus, our analysis revealed common patterns of tubulin cytoskeleton in the determinate nodules of four legume species, and species-specific differences were associated with the organization of cortical microtubules in uninfected cells. When compared with indeterminate nodules, the most pronounced differences were associated with the organization of cortical microtubules in nitrogen-fixing infected cells. The revealed differences indicated a possible transition during evolution of infected cells from anisotropic growth in determinate nodules to isodiametric growth in indeterminate nodules. It can be assumed that this transition provided an evolutionary advantage to those legume species with indeterminate nodules, enabling them to host symbiosomes in their infected cells more efficiently.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%