GM‐CSF is key in the efficacy of vaccine‐induced reduction of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection

Vaillant, Laurie; Oster, P; McMillan, Brynn; Fernandez, Eulalia Orozco; Velin, Dominique

doi:10.1111/hel.12875

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…Field and challenge studies should both be conducted after identification of effective vaccine candidates. A vaccine for preventive and therapeutic purposes might consider multiple epitopes to direct the immune response towards essential H. pylori functions such as epithelial cell adherence, proliferation and survival in the specific gastric niche 230,370 . Preliminary evidence shows that H. pylori reduces the efficacy of treatment with immune-checkpoint inhibitors in malignant diseases 371,372 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori infection

Malfertheiner

Camargo

El-Omar

et al. 2023

Nat Rev Dis Primers

310

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Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis, which can progress to severe gastroduodenal pathologies, including peptic ulcer, gastric cancer and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. H. pylori is usually transmitted in childhood and persists for life if untreated. The infection affects around half of the population in the world but prevalence varies according to location and sanitation standards. H. pylori has unique properties to colonize gastric epithelium in an acidic environment. The pathophysiology of H. pylori infection is dependent on complex bacterial virulence mechanisms and their interaction with the host immune system and environmental factors, resulting in distinct gastritis phenotypes that determine possible progression to different gastroduodenal pathologies. The causative role of H. pylori infection in gastric cancer development presents the opportunity for preventive screen-and-treat strategies. Invasive, endoscopy-based and non-invasive methods, including breath, stool and serological tests, are used in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Their use depends on the specific individual patient history and local availability. H. pylori treatment consists of a strong acid suppressant in various combinations with antibiotics and/or bismuth. The dramatic increase in resistance to key antibiotics used in H. pylori eradication demands antibiotic susceptibility testing, surveillance of resistance and antibiotic stewardship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori infection

Malfertheiner

Camargo

El-Omar

et al. 2023

Nat Rev Dis Primers

310

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“…6 High bactericidal β-defensin3 levels by introduction of GM-CSF seem to reinforce their findings. 1 Therefore, it would be interesting whether the authors obtained such high bactericidal β-defensin3 levels by GM-CSF usage in their experimental study, thereby strengthening their findings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

GM‐CSF as a potential candidate of a vaccine‐induced reduction ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection

et al. 2022

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To the Editor, Vaillant et al. 1 concluded that GM-CSF decreases Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) load in chronically infected mice, induces β-defensin3, which displays an H. pylori inhibitory effect, and appears to play a role, most probably produced by the pathogenic Th17 cells, in the vaccine-induced decrease of H. pylori infection. GM-CSF is produced by both Th1 and Th17 cells, 2 and although Th1 lymphocytes and their induced cytokines contribute to anti-bacterial reaction, they also sustain chronic inflammatory reactions in the site of infection. 3 Helicobacter pylori infection induces a Th1-dominant response and gastric mucosa inflammatory process depends mostly on Th1 cell responses; in H. pylori-induced chronic gastritis, the Th1 cells predominate and seem to be critical for the development of gastritis and its associated pathologies. For instance, a predominantly activated H. pylori-specific Th1 response results in peptic ulcer disease 3 ; Th1 cells infiltration could contribute to the gastric cancer development and metastasis 3 ; and H. pylori CagY protein produces Th1 and Th17 responses in H. pylori-infected patients involved in gastric MALT lymphoma pathophysiology, also mentioned by the authors. 1 Thus, Th1/Th17 cell responses, at least in certain-infected patients, could be related to the development of more severe H. pylori-related disorders owing to the induction of immunopathologic reactions. 3

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GM‐CSF is key in the efficacy of vaccine‐induced reduction of Helicobacter pylori infection

et al. 2022

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections of the human stomach mucosa. 1 This infection is acquired commonly during childhood and persists lifelong if not treated. The transmission of the infection is not fully understood but lots of evidence prone gastro-oral, oral-oral or fecal-oral contamination routes, especially in context of intra-familial clusters or mother-to-child transmission. 2 Although the majority of cases remain asymptomatic for decades, H. pylori infection is associated with increased occurrences of peptic ulcers, and more seriously with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. 3,4 Currently, a combination of antimicrobials and antisecretory drugs 5,6 is considered the best way

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GM‐CSF is key in the efficacy of vaccine‐induced reduction of Helicobacter pylori infection

Cited by 4 publications

References 76 publications

Helicobacter pylori infection

Helicobacter pylori infection

GM‐CSF as a potential candidate of a vaccine‐induced reduction ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection

GM‐CSF is key in the efficacy of vaccine‐induced reduction of Helicobacter pylori infection

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