GMR biosensor arrays: A system perspective

Hall, Drew A.; Gaster, Richard S.; Lin, T.; Osterfeld, Sebastian J.; Han, Shu‐Jen; Murmann, Boris; Wang, S.X.

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2010.01.038

Cited by 153 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In fact, stretchabilities of a few percent only 145,166 can be achieved in this way, unless cracking of the sensing layer is permitted, which can result in higher stretchabilities 167 . However, stretching due to crack formation is applicable only for thin film elements that are much larger than the cracks and hence, this approach contradicts the device miniaturization, which is highly relevant especially for the integration into wearable navigation and orientation systems, bio-medical systems 188,189 or for the fine mapping of inhomogeneous magnetic fields and textures. Other applications fields like smart skins 44,53 , functional medical implants 47,67 and soft robotics 69,74 , require stretchabilities of electronic components in the order of 20% or more for useful integration.…”

Section: Direct Transfer Printing Of Gmr Sensoricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, different applications demand different sensing capabilities that require specific features of the sensor response, like a linear characteristic or a high sensitivity to low magnetic field strengths. One example is the application of magnetic sensors is medical diagnostics or bio-analytic systems [187][188][189][190] , which demands the reliable detection of magnetic field in the range of 10 Oe and below.…”

Section: Demonstrator: Magnetic Detection On a Curved Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Stretchable Magnetoelectronics

et al. 2011

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Abstract:In this work, stretchable magnetic sensorics is successfully established by combining metallic thin films revealing a giant magnetoresistance effect with elastomeric materials. Stretchability of the magnetic nanomembranes is achieved by specific morphologic features (e.g. wrinkles), which accommodate the applied tensile deformation while maintaining the electrical and magnetic integrity of the sensor device. The entire development, from the demonstration of the world-wide first elastically stretchable magnetic sensor to the realization of a technology platform for robust, ready-touse elastic magnetoelectronics with fully strain invariant properties, is described. The prepared soft giant magnetoresistive devices exhibit the same sensing performance as on conventional rigid supports, but can be stretched uniaxially or biaxially reaching strains of up to 270% and endure over 1,000 stretching cycles without fatigue. The comprehensive magnetoelectrical characterization upon tensile deformation is correlated with in-depth structural investigations of the sensor morphology transitions during stretching.With their unique mechanical properties, the elastic magnetoresistive sensor elements readily conform to ubiquitous objects of arbitrary shapes including the human skin. This feature leads electronic skin systems beyond imitating the characteristics of its natural archetype and extends their cognition to static and dynamic magnetic fields that by no means can be perceived by human beings naturally.Various application fields of stretchable magnetoelectronics are proposed and realized throughout this work. The developed sensor platform can equip soft electronic systems with navigation, orientation, motion tracking and touchless control capabilities. A variety of novel technologies, like smart textiles, soft robotics and actuators, active medical implants and soft consumer electronics will benefit from these new magnetic functionalities. Michael Melzer: Stretchable MagnetoelectronicsOutline 4

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Section: Direct Transfer Printing Of Gmr Sensoricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demonstrator: Magnetic Detection On a Curved Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable Magnetoelectronics

et al. 2011

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“…1,2 In these, magnetic beads are usually used as specific labels that bind to the target analyte, and because the biological sample provides no magnetic background signal, the analyte may be detected in real-time with high sensitivity and specificity. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Magnetoresistive biosensors based on the planar Hall effect, 9-11 magnetic tunneling effect, 12,13 or giant magnetoresistance effect [4][5][6] have been proposed for this application. We have previously demonstrated the use of planar Hall effect bridge (PHEB) magnetic field sensors in both volumeand surface-based detection schemes, 7,14,15 and how the sensor design can be optimized towards such diverse applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planar Hall effect bridge sensors with NiFe/Cu/IrMn stack optimized for self-field magnetic bead detection

Henriksen

Rizzi

Hansen

2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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Articles you may be interested inThe stack composition in trilayer Planar Hall effect bridge sensors is investigated experimentally to identify the optimal stack for magnetic bead detection using the sensor self-field. The sensors were fabricated using exchange-biased stacks Ni 80 Fe 20 (t FM )/Cu(t Cu )/Mn 80 Ir 20 (10 nm) with t FM ¼ 10, 20, and 30 nm, and 0 t Cu 0.6 nm. The sensors were characterized by magnetic hysteresis measurements, by measurements of the sensor response vs. applied field, and by measurements of the sensor response to a suspension of magnetic beads magnetized by the sensor self-field due to the sensor bias current. The exchange bias field was found to decay exponentially with t Cu and inversely with t FM . The reduced exchange field for larger values of t FM and t Cu resulted in higher sensitivities to both magnetic fields and magnetic beads. We argue that the maximum magnetic bead signal is limited by Joule heating of the sensors and, thus, that the magnetic stacks should be compared at constant power consumption. For a fixed sensor geometry, the figure of merit for this comparison is the magnetic field sensitivity normalized by the sensor bias voltage. In this regard, we found that sensors with t FM ¼ 20 nm or 30 nm outperformed those with t FM ¼ 10 nm by a factor of approximately two, because the latter have a reduced AMR ratio. Further, the optimum layer thicknesses, t Cu % 0.6 nm and t FM ¼ 20-30 nm, gave a 90% higher signal compared to the corresponding sensors with t Cu ¼ 0 nm. V C 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.

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“…GMR biosensors seem to be among the best candidates to meet these criteria. The GMR biosensors capable of highly sensitive detection are poised to become a dominant player in the vast world of biosensors (Hall et al, 2010). …”

Section: An Overview Of the Gmr Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%