Gnatostomíase no Brasil: relato de caso

Abstract

Resumo: A gnatostomíase é parasitose endêmica em alguns países asiáticos, causada pela ingestão da larva do nematódio Gnathostoma sp, que pode ocorrer no consumo de carne crua de peixes de água doce. Atinge vários órgãos, entre eles a pele, manifestando-se frequentemente como lesão subcutânea migratória. Países da América Central e do Sul como México e Peru vêm apresentando número crescente de casos da doença desde 1970. Este trabalho registra o primeiro caso notificado e publicado no Brasil e alerta para o surgimento dessa doença em áreas anteriormente não endêmicas. Relata-se caso de paciente, com história de viagem ao Peru, que evoluiu com quadro cutâneo compatível com gnatostomíase. Palavras-chave: Gnathostoma; Helmintos; Paniculite Abstract: Gnathostomiasis is an endemic disease in Asian countries caused by the ingestion of larval stage of Gnathostoma sp roundworms that may be acquired by eating raw fresh-water fish. It can reach many organs and the skin is one of them, characterized by creeping eruptions and/or migrating erythema. Since 1970 the number of patients affected seems to be increasing in Central and South America countries like Mexico and Peru. This is the first notification and publication of gnathostomiasis in Brazil, and it serves as an alert to the possibility of the emergence of this disease in non-endemic areas. We report a case of a man who traveled to Peru and developed cutaneous features accordant with gnathostomiasis.

Autochthonous Gnathostomiasis, Brazil

“…In the Americas, most cases occur in Mexico (3). Gnathostomiasis was previously reported in Brazil, but the patient was infected in Peru (4). …”

Nematodes in Hoplerytrinus unitaeniatus, Hoplias malabaricus and Pygocentrus nattereri (pisces characiformes) in Marajó Island, Brazil

“…Human cases of parasitism by helminths due to consumption of fish processed under these conditions have been reported in Brazil and are associated with the species Ascocotyle (Phagicola) longa (Ransom, 1920) (CHIEFFI et al, 1990(CHIEFFI et al, , 1992ALMEIDA-DIAS;WOICIECHOVSKI, 1994), Diphyllobothrium latum (Linnaeus, 1758) (EDUARDO et al, 2005a, b;FARO, 2005;TAVARES et al, 2005;EMMEL et al 2006;LACERDA et al, 2007;CAPUANO et al, 2007;LLAGUNO et al, 2008), Clonorchis sinensis (Cobbold, 1875) (LEITE et al, 1989;DIAS et al, 1992) and Gnathostoma sp. (DANI et al, 2009).…”

Ocular Gnathostomiasis in Brazil: A Case Report

“…There are records of this infection in humans in the Far East (India: 1945, China: 1949), Thailand and countries in the Americas (e.g. Mexico and Peru) where the habit of eating raw or undercooked meat has been increasing [2,3,4,5]. The larvae are released in the intestine and then migrate through the body but are unable to complete their normal life cycle in humans.…”

“…There is no commercially available serological diagnostic test. Surgical removal is both diagnostic and curative [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. …”