Goat and buffalo milk fat globule membranes exhibit better effects at inducing apoptosis and reduction the viability of HT-29 cells

Abstract

Bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) has shown many health benefits, however, there has not been much study on non-cattle MFGMs. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-proliferation effects and investigate the mechanisms of MFGMs from bovine, goat, buffalo, yak and camel milk in HT-29 cells. Results showed that protein content in MFGM of yak milk is the highest among five MFGM. All MFGMs reduced cellular viability which was in agreement with cell morphology and apoptosis. However, the number of cells in S-phase from 24 h to 72 h was increased significantly by treatment with goat, buffalo and bovine MFGMs (100 μg/mL), but not yak and camel. All MFGMs treatment significantly reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential (with an order of goat > buffalo > bovine > camel > yak) and Bcl-2 expression, but increased the expression of both Bax and Caspase-3. Taken together, the results indicate that all MFGMs, especially goat and buffalo MFGMs, showed better effects at inducing apoptosis and reduction the viability of HT-29 cells. The mechanism might be arresting the cell cycle at S phase, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and increase of Bax and Caspase-3 expression.

Breast Milk Lipids and Fatty Acids in Regulating Neonatal Intestinal Development and Protecting against Intestinal Injury

“…While researchers are still making efforts to understand the functionalities of MFGM, there are already commercialized products supplementing MFGMs from bovine milk cream. The effectiveness of supplementation of MFGM in formula has been demonstrated in several independent cellular and animal studies, and clinical trials [25][26][27][28]. In Bovine milk based infant formulas have attempted to closely mimic the lipid composition of naturally originated breast milk.…”

Comparative Proteomics of Milk Fat Globule Membrane (MFGM) Proteome across Species and Lactation Stages and the Potentials of MFGM Fractions in Infant Formula Preparation

“…Among all the tested samples, buffalo and goat MFGMs were more effective in inducing apoptosis than the other three MFGMs. These data suggest that MFGM might be a putative agent for the prevention of human colon cancer [16].…”

“…An example of the application of these comparative studies was given recently by Ji and collaborators [16], who evaluated the antiproliferative effect of five MFGM fractions from yak, bovine, goat, camel, and buffalo milk using the HT-29 cell line. The antiproliferative effect was evaluated in terms of cell viability, cell cycle, cytomorphology, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP).…”

“…The anticarcinogenic activity was assessed on HT-29 cells (a human colon cancer cell line) by three studies [14][15][16], which showed that MFGM could reduce the proliferation and enhance apoptosis of the cancer cells through the activation of effector caspase-3. The antimicrobial activity was observed through the inhibition of in vitro rotavirus infectivity [17] and the anti-adhesive activity exerted by a mucin 1 (MUC1)-enriched MFGM fraction against bacteria in the gut mucosa [18].…”

Comparative Analysis of Milk Fat Globular Membrane (MFGM) Proteome between Saudi Arabia Camelus dromedary Safra and Wadha Breeds

“…For instance, MFGM is capable of inducing apoptosis in human colon cancer cells (HT-29) via the reduction of cell proliferation and increasing the caspase-3 activity, which known as one of the programmed cell death marker, cell cycle arrest in S phase, increasing the apoptotic protein Bax, downregulating the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential. The data suggested that some of the MFGMs could be used as potential agents for human colon cancer prevention [45,46].…”