Gold allergy in North America

Fowler, Joseph E.

doi:10.1053/ajcd.2001.21472

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The clinical relevance, however, is much lower than that for nickel allergy (10). Common frequencies in published materials are 5–15%, the latest figures being from the USA (11).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Questionnaire studies on patients with eczematous diseases have shown that contact allergy to gold is correlated to the presence of dental gold (10–12). A prospective, dermato‐odontological study has recently confirmed this relationship and also demonstrated a quantitative correlation between the allergy and the number of gold surfaces in the oral cavity: the more gold in the mouth, the higher the risk of gold allergy (13).…”

Section: Gold Allergy In Relationship To Dental Goldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental gold alloys and contact allergy

Möller

2002

Contact Dermatitis

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Contact allergy to gold as demonstrated by patch testing is very common among patients with eczematous disease and seems to be even more frequent among patients with complaints from the oral cavity. There is a positive correlation between gold allergy and the presence of dental gold. Gold allergy is often found in patients with non-specific stomatitides as well as in those with lichenoid reactions or with only subjective symptoms from the oral cavity. The therapeutic effect of substituting other dental materials for gold alloys is conspicuous in casuistic reports but less impressive in larger patient materials. The amount of dental gold is correlated qualitatively and quantitatively to the blood level of gold and the effects if any of circulating blood gold are unknown. There is clearly a need for prospective studies in the field and gold sodium thiosulfate is considered an important item in the dental series for patch testing.Key words: contact allergy; dental gold; gold alloy; lichenoid reaction, oral disease; stomatitis. C Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002. Accepted for publication 12 July 2002 DefinitionsThe term dental gold covers alloys containing gold as a component and included in the ISO standards (1, 2). Allergy to gold alloys implies contact allergy, i.e. the T-cell mediated, immunological state which is not expressed as a clinical reaction until a renewed contact with the hapten. A prerequisite for the induction as well as the elicitation of this allergy is dissolution and ionization of the metal followed by penetration of the hapten into the skin or mucous membrane. Dissolution of metallic gold is notoriously difficult but the process is facilitated by the presence of other metals in the alloy -the lower carat, the greater solubility of the gold (3) -but also by metals in the neighbourhood, e.g. amalgam through galvanism (4). Furthermore, dissolution and ionization are promoted by a high pH, an oxidative environment and the presence of amino acids, particularly sulfur-containing ones (3, 5). Diagnosis

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“…The clinical relevance, however, is much lower than that for nickel allergy (10). Common frequencies in published materials are 5–15%, the latest figures being from the USA (11).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gold Allergy In Relationship To Dental Goldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental gold alloys and contact allergy

Möller

2002

Contact Dermatitis

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“…For chromium and cobalt, the frequency is 1–3% , and in patients with dermatitis it is even higher. For gold, the frequency differs between studies, but is usually approximately 5–19% in dermatitis patients . For many metals that are known to be included in alloys used for implants (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implants and contact allergy: are sensitizing metals released as haptens from coronary stents?

et al. 2014

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Metal release from coronary stents is shown. The magnitude of release is influenced by several factors. The extent to which metal release in vitro has potential biological effects, in terms of elicitation of an allergic reaction or induction of sensitization, in vivo needs to be explored. However, as metal release from an implant in a biologically appropriate medium has been established, better risk assessments in relation to delayed hypersensitivity may be undertaken.

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“…Gender and age, which are known risk factors for gold allergy, were controlled in the present study. Common frequencies of contact allergy to gold in published materials are 5–10% in patch‐tested patients with eczematous diseases 4,17 . As age increases so does the frequency of contact allergy to gold, which partly explains the rather high frequency in the controls as well as in both the Ni‐ and Au‐stented patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently shown a high prevalence of contact allergy to gold in patients given gold‐plated stents 2 . Gold and nickel are metals that may cause contact allergy in a substantial number of exposed individuals 3,4 . The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of contact allergies to metals used in the stents, especially contact allergy to gold and nickel, in patients who had received one or both of two selected stent types.…”

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confidence: 96%

High frequency of contact allergy to gold in patients with endovascular coronary stents

Ekqvist¹,

Svedman²,

Möller³

et al. 2007

Br J Dermatol

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As the frequency of contact allergy to gold is higher in stented patients independent of stent type it suggests a previous sensitization. However, several pieces of circumstantial evidence as well as statistical analysis indicate the possibility of sensitization in the coronary vessel by the Au stent. Ni stents and Au stents should not be ruled out as risk factors for induction of contact allergy to these metals.

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Gold allergy in North America

Abstract: Gold is a more common allergen than previously reported and might cause facial and eyelid dermatitis. Hypersensitivity to gold is statistically linked to female gender and to allergic reactions to nickel and cobalt.

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

Dental gold alloys and contact allergy

Dental gold alloys and contact allergy

Implants and contact allergy: are sensitizing metals released as haptens from coronary stents?

High frequency of contact allergy to gold in patients with endovascular coronary stents

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