Gold nanocages in cancer diagnosis, therapy, and theranostics: A brief review

Bonding states of gold/silver plasmonic nanostructures and sulfur-containing active biological ingredients in biomedical applications: a review

“…Metalloid gold clusters with thiol protection exhibit a denser outer shell, displaying that this form is characterized by specific motifs-SL-(Au-SL-)n (n 1/4 ), in addition to the various ''classes'' of configurations of the Au atoms within the core of the cluster (fcc, icosahedral, etc.). 110 Accordingly, the size of the cluster determines the size of the staple motif, where for larger clusters, such as Au 279 (SR) 84 or Au 144 (SR) 60 , shorter staple motifs are more prevalent. In contrast, smaller clusters, such as Au 30 (SR) 18 or Au 18 (SR) 14 , tend to exhibit longer patterns.…”

“…). 110 Accordingly, the size of the cluster determines the size of the staple motif, where for larger clusters, such as Au 279 (SR) 84 or Au 144 (SR) 60 , shorter staple motifs are more prevalent. In contrast, smaller clusters, such as Au 30 (SR) 18 or Au 18 (SR) 14 , tend to exhibit longer patterns.…”

Gold nanoplatform for near-infrared light-activated radio-photothermal gas therapy in breast cancer

“…PTT alleviates hypoxia in tumor tissues by increasing tumor blood perfusion, which may improve the radiosensitivity of tumor tissues (Wang et al, 2019). Gold nanocages (GNCs) with tunable optical properties matching the near-infrared region (NIR) are particularly attractive for PTT because of their excellent photothermal conversion effect (Wang et al, 2018;Alimardani et al, 2021). Furthermore, GNCs, as high-Z nanomaterials, have emerged as radiosensitizers owing to their enhanced radiation absorption (Chen et al, 2020;Penninckx et al, 2020).…”

Recent progress in the applications of gold-based nanoparticles towards tumor-targeted imaging and therapy

“…The synthesis and modification methods of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are mature, simple, and the structure is relatively easy to control ( Scheme 1 ). Various AuNPs with different size and shape are prepared, such as spheres, 9,10 rods, 11,12 clusters, 13–16 cages, 17,18 stars 18,19 and so on. Moreover, AuNPs possess some unique properties: (1) imaging, including computed tomography (CT), fluorescence/optical imaging, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy imaging (SERS), photoacoustic imaging (PAI).…”