Gold Nanocluster-Mediated Cellular Death under Electromagnetic Radiation

Cifuentes‐Rius, Anna; Ivask, Angela; Das, Shreya; Penya-Auladell, Nuria; Fabregas, Laura; Fletcher, Nicholas L.; Houston, Zachary H.; Thurecht, Kristofer J.; Voelcker, Nicolas H.

doi:10.1021/acsami.7b13100

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“… 86 Besides that, Cifuentes-Rius et al found that BSA-AuNCs can also be applied in electromagnetic radiation therapy. 87 Upon 8 min light activation with 15 W microwaves (1 GHz electromagnetic fields), cell viability decreased in six types of mammalian cell lines. At a gold concentration of 50 μg/mL, approximately 50% of the B-lymphocytes, 68% of prostate cancer cells, and 28% of neuroblastoma cells died via induction of apoptosis and necrosis.…”

Section: Auncs As a Tool In Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoclusters: Imaging, Therapy, and Theranostic Roles in Biomedical Applications

et al. 2021

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For the past two decades, atomic gold nanoclusters (AuNCs, ultrasmall clusters of several to 100 gold atoms, having a total diameter of <2 nm) have emerged as promising agents in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Owing to their small size, significant quantization occurs to their conduction band, which leads to emergent photonic properties and the disappearance of the plasmonic responses observed in larger gold nanoparticles. For example, AuNCs exhibit native luminescent properties, which have been well-explored in the literature. Using proteins, peptides, or other biomolecules as structural scaffolds or capping ligands, required for the stabilization of AuNCs, improves their biocompatibility, while retaining their distinct optical properties. This paved the way for the use of AuNCs in fluorescent bioimaging, which later developed into multimodal imaging combined with computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging as examples. The development of AuNC-based systems for diagnostic applications in cancer treatment was then made possible by employing active or passive tumor targeting strategies. Finally, the potential therapeutic applications of AuNCs are extensive, having been used as light-activated and radiotherapy agents, as well as nanocarriers for chemotherapeutic drugs, which can be bound to the capping ligand or directly to the AuNCs via different mechanisms. In this review, we present an overview of the diverse biomedical applications of AuNCs in terms of cancer imaging, therapy, and combinations thereof, as well as highlighting some additional applications relevant to biomedical research.

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Section: Auncs As a Tool In Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoclusters: Imaging, Therapy, and Theranostic Roles in Biomedical Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Through all these approaches, several metal NCs have shown attractive potential in chemotherapy, phototherapy (PTT and PDT), and radiotherapy. Recently, nanocomposites based on metal NCs have also been designed and used in electromagnetic [235] and microwave radiation, [236] thus extending the application spectrum of metal NCs in targeted therapeutics.…”

Section: Summary and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Metal Nanoclusters for Targeted Therapeutics: From Targeting Strategies to Therapeutic Applications

Lin

Goswami

Xue

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Metal nanoclusters (NCs) have recently attracted great interest in biomedical applications due to their ultrasmall size, good biocompatibility, and unique molecule-like physical and chemical properties. Metal NCs can be rationally designed and integrated with various targeting moieties to achieve unique physicochemical properties and functions. For therapeutic applications, these multifunctional surface-modified NCs can provide distinctive advantages over native metal NCs, such as improved therapeutic effects and reduced side effects. In this review, the design principles of targeting strategies for metal NCs and their composites, including passive and active targeting, and physical and chemical targeting are first discussed. The authors then focus on the recent achievements in the application of metal NCs in targeted therapeutics, including chemotherapy, phototherapy, and radiotherapy. Finally, the authors' perspectives on the challenges and opportunities of developing metal NCs in targeted therapeutics, further paving their way for potential clinical applications are provided.

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“…[ 103 ] AuNCs are ultrasmall monodispersed particles (<2 nm in diameter) and differ in characteristics compared to AuNPs in terms of stability, electronic and optical properties ( Figure A,B). [ 104 ] In a patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model of pancreatic cancer (Figure 5C), Lei et al. found that AuNCs‐siRNA targeting NGF reduced tumor weight, volume and metastasis when compared to relevant controls, with no change in overall body weight (Figure 5D).…”

Section: Preclinical Success Of Nanoparticles For Sirna Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming Barriers: Clinical Translation of siRNA Nanomedicines

Tieu

Wei

Cifuentes‐Rius

et al. 2021

Advanced Therapeutics

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RNA interference has garnered new hope for many difficult to treat diseases that have been “undruggable” using conventional small molecule drugs or monoclonal antibodies. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has shown great strides in targeting difficult to treat diseases as siRNA therapeutics are able to efficiently silence specific genes throughout the body. This review highlights major barriers in siRNA delivery and how nanoparticles have been used to circumvent these barriers. The authors outline many of the recent promising preclinical successes in siRNA delivery using nanoparticles. Importantly, the review examines current FDA‐approved siRNA therapeutics and provides a comprehensive analysis of current siRNA candidates in clinical trials. Lastly, the authors discuss future challenges and opportunities in this expansive field of research.

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Gold Nanocluster-Mediated Cellular Death under Electromagnetic Radiation

Cited by 33 publications

References 43 publications

Gold Nanoclusters: Imaging, Therapy, and Theranostic Roles in Biomedical Applications

Gold Nanoclusters: Imaging, Therapy, and Theranostic Roles in Biomedical Applications

Engineering Metal Nanoclusters for Targeted Therapeutics: From Targeting Strategies to Therapeutic Applications

Overcoming Barriers: Clinical Translation of siRNA Nanomedicines

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