Gold Nanoparticle‐based Novel Biosensors for Detecting Glycated Hemoglobin

Abstract

We report here on novel biosensors for the highly sensitive and specific enzymatic analysis of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which we measured primarily to identify three‐month average plasma glucose concentrations. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was generated in this enzymatic measuring of glycated hemoglobin from oxidative cleavage of fructosyl valine by fructosyl amino acid oxidase, and we then used the generated hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent of gold (III) ion to synthesize gold (0) as a nanoparticle. We were able to measure the gold nanoparticles obtained from this novel approach using colorimetry under a UV–VIS spectrophotometer. For this colorimetric detection, we analyzed 96‐well plates for glycated hemoglobin, and this system worked very well, with a detection limit of 0.142% and coefficient of variation below 10%. Finally, this method can measure glycated hemoglobin in patients with diabetes.

Synthesis of binary metal–metal oxide core‐shell nanoparticles via surfactant‐free intercation redox reactions

“…The unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs) are determined by their constituent elements, composition, size, morphology, and structure 1–3 . Specifically, Au NPs exhibit unique characteristics in terms of size and shape owing to the quantum confinement effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) 4–6 . Compared to spherical Au NPs, in the case of anisotropic nanostructures, including nanorods, nanoplates, nanostars, and nanocages, LSPR optical properties are more meaningfully utilized by shifting in hypsochromic or bathochromic manner for relevant applications 7,8 .…”

“…[1][2][3] Specifically, Au NPs exhibit unique characteristics in terms of size and shape owing to the quantum confinement effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). [4][5][6] Compared to spherical Au NPs, in the case of anisotropic nanostructures, including nanorods, nanoplates, nanostars, and nanocages, LSPR optical properties are more meaningfully utilized by shifting in hypsochromic or bathochromic manner for relevant applications. 7,8 Au nanomaterial optical properties, which can be fine-tuned from the visible (Vis) to the near-infrared (NIR) region, are essential in all areas involving electromagnetic fields, including biomedical, environmental, and energetic.…”

Gold nanoparticle-based optical nanosensors for food and health safety monitoring: recent advances and future perspectives

“… 235 Therefore, Kwak et al developed a sensor for detection of glycated hemoglobin in an enzymatic approach. 236 Glycated hemoglobin consists of a glucose molecule binding to N -terminal valine residue of the hemoglobin β-chains. H 2 O 2 was generated due to oxidative cleavage of fructosyl valine in glycated hemoglobin in the presence of fructosyl amino acid oxidase.…”

“…Because normal level of glycated hemoglobin levels is within the range of 4-6%, this method was promising in vitro diagnosis for diabetes. 236 3.2.1.2. Cancers.…”

Strategic Approaches for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Hg2+ Ion Using Mass Sensitive Sensors

“…Gold nanoparticles, ca. 19 nm in diameter, were prepared by the citrate reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) 30 and capped with a 3′-mercapto-terminated single stranded oligonucleotide (5′-HS-(CH2)6-GGCCTGTTTTTTGCAC) according to a procedure reported previously. 31 To prepare oligonucleotidemodified AuNPs, 1.0 mL of AuNPs was mixed with 5.0 μL of Tween 20 and 1.0 mL of 1.0 μM mercapto-terminated oligonucleotide and left for 24 h at room temperature.…”