Golgi ribbon disassembly during mitosis, differentiation and disease progression

Abstract

The Golgi apparatus is tightly integrated into the cellular system where it plays essential roles required for a variety of cellular processes. Its vital functions include not only processing and sorting of proteins and lipids, but also serving as a signaling hub and a microtubule-organizing center. Golgi stacks in mammalian cells are interconnected into a compact ribbon in the perinuclear region. However, the ribbon can undergo distinct disassembly processes that reflect the cellular state or environmental demands and stress. For instance, its most dramatic change takes place in mitosis when the ribbon is efficiently disassembled into vesicles through a combination of ribbon unlinking, cisternal unstacking and vesiculation. Furthermore, the ribbon can also be detached and positioned at specific cellular locations to gain additional functionalities during differentiation, or fragmented to different degrees along disease progression or upon cell death. Here, we describe the major morphological alterations of Golgi ribbon disassembly under physiological and pathological conditions and discuss the underlying mechanisms that drive these changes.

Precise and economic FIB/SEM for CLEM: with 2 nm voxels through mitosis

“…The Golgi has been studied extensively in structure and function (Sütterlin and Colanzi 2010; Wang and Seemann 2011; Yadav and Linstedt 2011; Gosavi and Gleeson 2017; Wei and Seemann 2017). 3D-EM techniques made data available for the Golgi of plants (Staehelin and Kang 2008) and mammals (Ladinsky et al 1999; Marsh and Pavelka 2013; Koga et al 2017).…”

Form and function of the Golgi apparatus: scaffolds, cytoskeleton and signalling

“…The Golgi ribbon can undergo rapid remodelling events, such as in mitosis or the repositioning of the Golgi for directed migration . Golgi dynamics are regulated by membrane flux from the ER , and by interactions between the cytoskeleton and molecular scaffolds on Golgi membranes.…”

Mitotic inheritance of the Golgi complex and its role in cell division

“…Moreover, to address the specific role of the disassembly of Golgi membranes, Guizzunti and Seemann (2016) engineered cells to induce the formation of large diaminobenzidine‐based polymers in the Golgi lumen, with the result of inhibiting both Golgi cisternal unstacking and vesiculation. Under these conditions, the cells were able to enter into mitosis, but arrested in prometaphase with intact Golgi stacks that were clustered around a monopolar spindle, resulting in activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (Guizzunti and Seemann, ; Wei and Seemann, ). Altogether, these findings revealed that the mitotic disassembly of Golgi stacks and the release of Golgi‐associated proteins are both required for spindle formation and progression to metaphase (Figure b and c).…”

“…In spite of its complex organisation, the GC can undergo rapid and highly dynamic modifications of shape and localisation under different physiological conditions (Yadav and Linstedt, 2011;Wei and Seemann, 2017). For example, during cell migration, the GC is relocated toward the direction of migration for sustaining cell movement (Bisel et al, 2008;Sutterlin and Colanzi, 2010).…”