JT03447476This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.
│ ECO/WKP(2019)17Unclassified OECD Working Papers should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its member countries. The opinions expressed and arguments employed are those of the author(s).Working Papers describe preliminary results or research in progress by the author(s) and are published to stimulate discussion on a broad range of issues on which the OECD works.Comments on Working Papers are welcomed, and may be sent to
ABSTRACT/RÉSUMÉ
Like it or not? The impact of online platforms on the productivity of incumbent service providersThis paper uses a novel empirical approach to assess if the development of online platforms affects the productivity of service firms. We build a proxy measure of platform use across four industries (hotels, restaurants, taxis and retail trade) and ten OECD countries using internet search data from Google Trends, which we link to firm-level data on productivity in these industries. We find that platform development supports the productivity of the average incumbent service firm and also stimulates labour reallocation towards more productive firms in these industries. This may notably reflect that platforms' user review and rating systems reduce information asymmetries between consumers and service providers, enhancing competition between providers. The effects depend on platform type. "Aggregator" platforms that connect incumbent service providers to consumers tend to push up the productivity of incumbents, while more disruptive platforms that enable new types of providers to compete with them (e.g. home sharing, ride hailing) have on average no significant effect on it. Consistent with this, we find that different platform types affect differently the profits, mark-ups, employment and wages of incumbent service firms. Finally, the productivity gains from platforms are lower when a platform is persistently dominant on its market, suggesting that the contestability of platform markets should be promoted.
JEL classification codes: D24, L13, L80, O33
Liker ou non? L'impact des plateformes en ligne sur la productivité des fournisseurs de services existantsCet article utilise une nouvelle approche empirique pour évaluer si le développement des plateformes en ligne affecte la productivité des entreprises de services. Nous construisons une mesure approchée de l'utilisation des plateformes dans quatre secteurs (hôtels, restaurants, taxis et commerce de détail) et dix pays de l'OCDE, à l'aide des données de recherche Internet de Google Trends, que nous lions à des données d'entreprises sur la productivité dans ces secteurs. Nous constatons que le développement des plateformes soutient la productivité moyenne des entreprises de service existantes et stimule également la réallocation de la main-d'oeuvre vers les e...