Googling Unemployment During the Pandemic: Inference and Nowcast Using Search Data

Abstract

This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission's science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and quality underlying the data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat nor other Commission services, users should contact the referenced source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Association of COVID‐19 with lifestyle behaviours and socio‐economic variables in Turkey: An analysis of Google Trends

“…Caperna et al. 18 concluded that unemployment‐related Google Trends searches increased by approximately 30% during the pandemic period compared to the pre‐pandemic period. Doerr and Leonardo Gambacorta, 19 in their study examining the regional impact of COVID‐19 in terms of employment rates, determined that regions with higher incidents are searching more for ‘corona’ and ‘unemployment benefits’.…”

“…Google Trends is one of the most efficient trend analysis tools focusing on the most searched keywords by individuals and it can be used to examine and estimate individuals' interests and behaviours. 1 , 16 Various studies about impacts of COVID‐19 on food security and diet‐related lifestyle behaviours, 16 , 17 and unemployment, 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 using Google Trends data, have been conducted. To our knowledge, no study has examined the impacts of COVID‐19 on socio‐economic variables and lifestyle behaviours, by using Google Trends data, comprehensively in Turkey.…”

“…Caperna et al. 18 evaluated the economic consequences of COVID‐19 by examining Google Trends data and online searches on unemployment. Fajar et al.…”

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the business interruption insurance demand in the United States

“…Aaronson et al (2020), Goldsmith-Pinkham and Sojourner (2020), Forsythe et al (2020) apply Google Trends to demonstrate the Covid-19 related surge in the demand for unemployment insurance in the US. Capema et al (2020) show that, in the aftermath of lockdowns, such indicator rose by about 30% in the EU Member States compared to the pre-pandemic average.…”

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Situation of the Unemployed in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship

“…(2020),Almeida and Santos (2020),Al-Thaqeb et al (2020), Caperna, Colagrossi, Geraci, andMazzarella (2020),Churchill (2020),Hendrickx et al (2020),Kantova and Arltova (2020),Khan et al (2020), Manganese (2020a; 2020b), McGann et al (2020), Grima et al (2020), Mithras and Xu (2020), The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Situation of the Unemployed in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship 696…”