Gossan mineralogy, textures, and gold enrichment over the Au (As, Bi, Ag) deposit in the Buracão Area (Brasília Fold Belt, Brazil): Implications for gold prospecting in weathering profiles

Pires, Gustavo Luiz Campos; Renac, Christophe; Bongiolo, Everton Marques; Neumann, Reiner

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2020.106615

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Gossan generation involves sulfide dissolution and release of sulfate and metal ions, which can be lost or retained by the supergene system [1][2][3]. This retention comprises the generation of newly formed minerals, establishing a mineralogical zoning, which can include secondary sulfides, sulfates, arsenates, phosphates, carbonates, and oxyhydroxides, carrying copper or other metals [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and Isotopic Fractionation in the Hypogene Ore, Gossan, and Saprolite of the Alvo 118 Deposit: Implications for Copper Exploration in the Regolith of the Carajás Mineral Province

Santos,

Costa,

Roerdink

2023

Minerals

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In the Carajás Mineral Province, gossan formation and lateritization have produced numerous supergene orebodies at the expense of IOCG deposits and host rocks. The Alvo 118 deposit comprises massive and disseminated hypogene copper sulfides associated with gossan and mineralized saprolites. The hypogene reserves are 170 Mt, with 1% Cu and 0.3 ppm Au, while the supergenes are 55 Mt, comprised of 30% gossan and 70% saprolite, with 0.92% Cu and 0.03 ppm Au. The gossan includes goethite, malachite, cuprite, and libethenite zones. The saprolite comprises kaolinite, vermiculite, smectite, and relics of chlorite. In the hypogene mineralization, Ag, Te, Pb, Se, Bi, Au, In, Y, Sn, and U are mainly hosted by chalcopyrite and petzite, altaite, galena, uraninite, stannite, and cassiterite. In the gossan, Ag, Te, Pb, Se, and Bi are hosted by Cu minerals, while Au, In, Y, Sn, and U are associated with iron oxyhydroxides, in addition to Zn, As, Be, Ga, Ga, Mo, Ni, and Sc. As supporting information, δ65Cu values indicate that the gossan is immature and, at least partly, not affected by leaching. In the saprolite, Ga, Sc, Sn, V, Mn, Co, and Cr are associated with the iron oxyhydroxides, partially derived from the host rock weathering. The δ56Fe values indicate that hypogene low contribution of the hypogene mineralization to the saprolite iron content. The association of Al2O3, Hf, Zr, Th, TiO2, Ce, La, Ba, and Sr represents the geochemical signature of the host rocks, with dominant contributions from chlorites, while In, Y, Te, Pb, Bi, and Se are the main pathfinders of Cu mineralization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and Isotopic Fractionation in the Hypogene Ore, Gossan, and Saprolite of the Alvo 118 Deposit: Implications for Copper Exploration in the Regolith of the Carajás Mineral Province

Santos,

Costa,

Roerdink

2023

Minerals

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“…However, although there are several valuable metals in gossan ore, due to its oxidized nature and low metal content, conventional beneficiation and smelting techniques are difficult to effectively recover and utilize resources. For decades, gossan has been limited in its application as a guide for exploring deep sulfide ore bodies, especially those containing Cu, Pb, Zn, Mo, Ni, Au, and Pt [2,3]. As a result, studies on the application of gossan ore remain scarce, with the studies being limited to investigating the use of gossan ore in determining the type and content of ore deposits [4][5][6], the heavy metal composition in gossan ore and its impact on the surrounding environment [7][8][9][10], and the high value-added precious metal gold (silver) in gossan ore [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Preparation of ZnFeO4 by Roasting Zinc-Containing Gossan Ore

Yang

Huo

et al. 2023

Processes

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Gossan ore is typically abandoned after mining, which not only increases mining production costs but also wastes mineral resources, and its long-term accumulation can easily lead to environmental pollution hazards. Therefore, this paper takes zinc-containing gossan ore as the research object and, based on the high content of zinc and iron minerals in gossan ore, this study conducts a roasting experiment to prepare ZnFeO4. X-ray diffraction is used to characterize and analyze the ZnFeO4 sample prepared by roasting zinc-containing gossan ore. The experimental results indicate that controlling the particle size of the roasted ore sample to −0.074 mm can effectively remove impurities and facilitate the reaction. The influence of roasting temperature and time on the formation of ZnFeO4 is remarkable. The conditions for roasting zinc-containing gossan ore to maximize the ZnFeO4 content are as follows: −0.074 mm particle size ore sample, reaction zinc/iron molar ratio of 1:2, mechanical activation time of 120 min, roasting temperature of 1050 °C, and roasting time of 120 min. These findings provide new ideas for the utilization of gossan ore and lay a theoretical foundation for the efficient development and utilization of difficult-to-select zinc-containing gossan ore.

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Mineralogical and textural evolution of the Alvo 118 copper-bearing gossan: Implications for supergene metallogenesis in Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil

Santos

Costa²

2023

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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Gossan mineralogy, textures, and gold enrichment over the Au (As, Bi, Ag) deposit in the Buracão Area (Brasília Fold Belt, Brazil): Implications for gold prospecting in weathering profiles

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Geochemical and Isotopic Fractionation in the Hypogene Ore, Gossan, and Saprolite of the Alvo 118 Deposit: Implications for Copper Exploration in the Regolith of the Carajás Mineral Province

Geochemical and Isotopic Fractionation in the Hypogene Ore, Gossan, and Saprolite of the Alvo 118 Deposit: Implications for Copper Exploration in the Regolith of the Carajás Mineral Province

Study on the Preparation of ZnFeO4 by Roasting Zinc-Containing Gossan Ore

Mineralogical and textural evolution of the Alvo 118 copper-bearing gossan: Implications for supergene metallogenesis in Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil

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