Governance of marine aquaculture: Pitfalls, potential, and pathways forward

Davies, Ian P.; Carranza, Valerie; Froehlich, Halley E.; Gentry, Rebecca R.; Kareiva, Peter; Halpern, Benjamin S.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2019.02.054

Cited by 74 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Notably, several large GHG emitters, such as the United States, have no measurable seaweed aquaculture production. Thus, there is clear scope for scaling seaweed aquaculture to offset carbon emissions, but an array of economic, social, and political barriers likely exist, as they do for the aquaculture sector in general [26]. Nonetheless, an important first question is whether farming seaweeds can offset emissions from its own sector, global aquaculture, to set the stage for recognition and possible movement in the industry to be carbon conscious.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Growth Potential to Mitigate Climate Change through Seaweed Offsetting

et al. 2019

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Growth Potential to Mitigate Climate Change through Seaweed Offsetting

et al. 2019

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“…This potential is expected to decrease under climate change [88] but breeding a larger proportion of stocks for fast growth could more than offset these negative impacts [89]. Expanding mariculture under climate change will require (1) streamlining permitting for sustainable mariculture in highly regulated countries where mariculture growth has often been slow [90][91][92][93]; (2) promoting better practices in weakly regulated countries where mariculture growth has often been rapid and less sustainable [92,93]; and (3) promoting access to financial resources such as credit and insurance in countries where mariculture production has yet to develop [94]. Although mariculture has the potential to feed millions of people, it also poses a number of environmental problems including pollution, habitat conversion, disease and parasite transmission, and escapement and hybridization [95].…”

Section: Aquaculture Could Help Compensate For Losses In Capture Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realistic fisheries management reforms could mitigate the impacts of climate change in most countries

et al. 2020

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Although climate change is altering the productivity and distribution of marine fisheries, climate-adaptive fisheries management could mitigate many of the negative impacts on human society. We forecast global fisheries biomass, catch, and profits to 2100 under three climate scenarios (RCPs 4.5, 6.0, 8.5) and five levels of management reform to (1) determine the impact of climate change on national fisheries and (2) quantify the national-scale benefits of implementing climate-adaptive fisheries reforms. Management reforms accounting for shifting productivity and shifting distributions would yield higher catch and profits in the future relative to today for 60-65% of countries under the two least severe climate scenarios but for only 35% of countries under the most severe scenario. Furthermore, these management reforms would yield higher cumulative catch and profits than business-asusual management for nearly all countries under the two least severe climate scenarios but would yield lower cumulative catch for 40% of countries under the most severe scenario. Fortunately, perfect fisheries management is not necessary to achieve these benefits: transboundary cooperation with 5-year intervals between adaptive interventions would result in comparable outcomes. However, the ability for realistic management reforms to offset the negative impacts of climate change is bounded by changes in underlying biological productivity. Although realistic reforms could generate higher catch and profits for 23-50% of countries experiencing reductions in productivity, the remaining countries would need to develop, expand, and reform aquaculture and other food production sectors to offset losses in capture fisheries. Still, climate-adaptive management is more profitable than business-as-usual management in all countries and we provide guidance on implementing-and achieving the benefits of-climate-adaptive fisheries reform along a gradient of scientific, management, and enforcement capacities.

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“…Future interactions of this study will invest in revisiting and complementing the fisheries model. For example, we will update to new versions of catch and fishing effort datasets (Watson, 2017;Watson and Tidd, 2018), new data on illegal, unreported, and unregulated catches, global demands and impacts of marine aquaculture (Pauly and Zeller, 2016;Davies et al, 2019;FAO, 2020) and projections of seafood demand (e.g., Maury et al, 2017;FishMIP-ISIMIP, 2020). Future studies can include the further characterization of ecosystem overfishing at the global level (Coll et al, 2008a;Link and Watson, 2019) and the exploration of alternative pathways to reduce it and avoid it.…”

Section: Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%