Government Reform in New Zealand

Scott, Graham

doi:10.5089/9781557755407.084

Cited by 93 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…11 More complex alternatives could, for example, derive the targeted fiscal balance from a sustainable debt trajectory (Bohn, 1998) or medium-term fiscal rules (Scott, 1996).…”

Section: The Policy Reaction Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Fiscal Adjustment More Durable When The IMF is Involved?

Bulı́ř

Moon

2004

Comp Econ Stud

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This paper investigates fiscal developments in 112 countries during the 1990s. It finds that while the overall fiscal balance improved in most of them, the composition of this improvement differed. In countries without IMF-supported programmes, revenues increased modestly and expenditure declined sharply, while in programme countries both post-programme revenue and expenditure declined. However, in countries with programmes that included fiscal structural conditions, the adjustment was effected primarily through sharp expenditure compression. No evidence of a statistically significant impact of IMF conditionality was found. Moreover, fiscal developments were influenced by cyclical factors and by the general stance of macroeconomic policies.

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“…11 More complex alternatives could, for example, derive the targeted fiscal balance from a sustainable debt trajectory (Bohn, 1998) or medium-term fiscal rules (Scott, 1996).…”

Section: The Policy Reaction Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Fiscal Adjustment More Durable When The IMF is Involved?

Bulı́ř

Moon

2004

Comp Econ Stud

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“…These reforms are consistent with our findings for New Zealand in Table (2): our identification of a second structural break for θ in New Zealand is in 1993. In contrast, during the seventies and eighties, New Zealand was a highly protectionist economy (Scott, 1996). From Table ( However, the expansion of the Canadian economy in 1982 triggered a re-orientation in the structure of Canadian public expenditures, making welfare state spending grow slower.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The welfare state, thresholds, and economic growth

Fic

Ghate

2005

Economic Modelling

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. We are also grateful to an anonymous referee for several excellent comments. This paper was written while both authors were visiting the Department of Macro and Forecasting at DIW Berlin (2002)(2003)(2004). Hospitality from the Department of Macro Analysis and Forecasting at DIW is gratefully acknowledged. The usual disclaimer applies. Correspondence to: Chetan Ghate, Indian Statistical Institute -Delhi Center, 7 S.J.S Sansanwal Marg, New Delhi -110016, India. E-mail: cghate@isid.ac.in; Tel: 91-11-5166-1285; Fax:91-11-2685-6779 Abstract Can a growing welfare state induce a regime switch in the growth rate of an economy? This paper constructs a dynamic political economy model of economic growth and the welfare state in which both variables are non-linearly related and jointly endogenous. Using a Markov switching framework over the period 1950-2001, we find that the structural decline in growth rates that several welfare state economies experienced during [1970][1971][1972][1973][1974][1975] are preceded by movements to a high welfare state regime. This suggests that expanding welfare state regimes are associated with low economic growth regimes, while contracting welfare state regimes are associated with high growth regimes. However, we also find that the structural decline in growth rates leads to a downward structural break in the welfare state for many welfare state economies. This suggests that declining growth regimes are associated with contracting welfare state regimes, as lower growth forces politicians to cut the size of the welfare state. We also report strong evidence that both expansion and contractions in the welfare state affects growth non-linearly. These results are able to characterize a predictable and general pattern of welfare state-growth evolution. Terms of use: Documents in

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“…New Zealand undoubtedly has a more centralised governmental system than the United Kingdom, with the NZ Treasury brokering power over departments on a scale which has no counterpart in the latter. This capacity to make the system move undoubtedly contributes to a less pluralistic system; views about the benefits or otherwise of New Zealand reforms are considerably more polarised than in the United Kingdom (Kelsey, 1995;Evans et al, 1996;Scott, 1996;Silverstone et al, 1996).…”

Section: (Ii) Comparison With the New Zealand Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Capital Charging in Public Healthcare

Heald

2001

SSRN Journal

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In those OECD countries which rely most heavily upon universal public healthcare systems, a profound sense of crisis has been produced by the clash between pressures for enhanced provision and the resistance of governments to spending more. In several countries, the ideas of New Public Management have been shaping policy, with the explicit objective of improving the efficiency of resource utilisation. Healthcare systems are both labour and facilities intensive. This paper examines the way in which capital charging for publicly financed healthcare assets has been used as one mechanism within the internal market package of healthcare reform implemented in the United Kingdom in 1991. This financial innovation has been motivated by the belief that productive efficiency has been damaged by the traditional treatment of National Health Service capital as a free good. Experience with implementation has highlighted a number of issues whose full significance had not previously been appreciated, notably: the complex nature of healthcare assets; the importance of purchaser-provider separation in structuring improved incentive systems; and the greater ease of managing a system which has limited interaction with the private sector. Overall, capital charging is a valuable but flawed tool, which is much better than the asset invisibility it replaced.

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Government Reform in New Zealand

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Is Fiscal Adjustment More Durable When The IMF is Involved?

Is Fiscal Adjustment More Durable When The IMF is Involved?

The welfare state, thresholds, and economic growth

Capital Charging in Public Healthcare

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