Graft Compatibility Between Peach Cultivars and Prunus Rootstocks

Zarrouk, Olfa; Gogorcena, Yolanda; Sánchez, María Ángeles Moreno; Pinochet, J.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.41.6.1389

Cited by 66 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…On the other hand, SPAD values characterizing the chlorophyll content were not significantly different from those of trees grafted on Capdeboscq and Tsukuba1. The overgrowth at the graft interface, tree vigour reduction, and less index of survival in the Chimarrita/Umezeiro combination suggested symptoms of graft incompatibility (Herrero 1951, Mosse 1962, Moreno et al 1993, Zarrouk et al 2006. Despite that Umezeiro is considered as a promising rootstock for peach trees due to canopy vigour reduction, good fruit quality, and resistance to root-knot nematodes, these signs of incompatibility should be taken into account (Teles et al 2009, Comiotto et al 2012.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth characteristics and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in peach grafted on different Prunus spp.

Pereira¹,

Messias²,

Campos³

et al. 2014

Biologia plant.

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Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway responsible for biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites, such as anthocyanins, flavanols, and lignins. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of different rootstock/scion combinations on Prunus tree growth, PAL gene expression, and PAL activity in order to identify compatibility of different graft combinations. The study was performed with peach (P. persica cv. Chimarrita) grafted on two peach rootstocks (Capdeboscq and Tsukuba1) and one Japanese apricot (P. mume cv. Umezeiro). Two or three years after grafting, the growth of peach scion on Umezeiro was weak and finally the death of some trees occurred. The peach rootstocks induced vigorous growth without any tree loss through the three years of evaluation. However, PAL activity and expression of PAL encoding genes were higher in Umezeiro as compared to the other rootstocks. These results show that the differential gene expression together with the PAL activity is a promising strategy to predict graft incompatibility.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth characteristics and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in peach grafted on different Prunus spp.

Pereira¹,

Messias²,

Campos³

et al. 2014

Biologia plant.

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“…Despite the availability of such a rootstock material and potential for introgression of a dominant Ma gene from P. cerasifera into commercial peach rootstocks to broaden resistances, Myrobalan plum rootstocks have not been successfully utilized in south‐eastern USA breeding programmes because of their susceptibility to peach tree short life, Armillaria root rot, and plum leaf scald (Beckman & Pusey, ; Okie, Reighard, et al., ; Reighard, ). In addition, incompatibilities have been reported for most peach and plum ( P. cerasifera and P. salicina ) graft combinations (Moreno, Moing, Lansac, Gaudillere, & Salesses, ; Salesses & Bonnet, ; Zarrouk, Gogorcena, Moreno, & Pinochet, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of resistance to the peach root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne floridensis) in interspecific crosses between peach (Prunus persica) and its wild relative (Prunus kansuensis)

et al. 2018

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The peach root‐knot nematode, Meloidogyne floridensis (MF), infects majority of available nematode‐resistant peach rootstocks which are mostly derived from peach (Prunus persica) and Chinese wild peach (P. davidiana). Interspecific hybridization of peach with its wild relative, Kansu peach (P. kansuensis), offers potential for broadening the resistance spectrum in standard peach rootstocks. We investigated the inheritance of resistance to MF in segregating populations of peach (‘Okinawa’ or ‘Flordaguard’) × P. kansuensis. A total of 379 individuals from 13 F2 and BC1F1 families were challenged with a pathogenic MF isolate “MFGnv14” and were classified as resistant (R) or susceptible (S) based on root galling intensity. Segregation analyses in F2 progeny revealed the involvement of a major locus with a dominant or recessive allele determining resistance in progeny segregating 3R:1S and 1R:3S, respectively. Testcrosses with a homozygous‐susceptible peach genotype (‘Flordaguard’ or ‘UFSharp’) confirmed P. kansuensis as a source of new resistance and the heterozygous allelic status of P. kansuensis at the locus conferring resistance to MF. We propose a single‐locus dominant/recessive model for the inheritance of resistance.

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“…They are also tolerant to calcareous soils (Gogorcena et al, 2004;Jiménez et al, 2008), and they provide the possibility to overcome replanting problems (Nicotra and Moser, 1997). However, many peach cultivars exhibit graft incompatibility when grafted onto some plum rootstocks (Moreno et al, 1994a;Zarrouk et al, 2006). Manifestations of peach/plum incompatibility appear generally during the first summer after grafting, although symptoms can also be delayed for several years (Moreno et al, 1993), and are typically evident by translocated incompatibility symptoms (Zarrouk et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, many peach cultivars exhibit graft incompatibility when grafted onto some plum rootstocks (Moreno et al, 1994a;Zarrouk et al, 2006). Manifestations of peach/plum incompatibility appear generally during the first summer after grafting, although symptoms can also be delayed for several years (Moreno et al, 1993), and are typically evident by translocated incompatibility symptoms (Zarrouk et al, 2006). They are expressed by tree growth cessation and premature tree defoliation (Herrero, 1951) caused by a phloem dysfunction (Moing and Carde, 1988;Schmid and Feucht, 1981) and biochemical alterations at the graft interface (Moing et al, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otherwise, some peach/plum combinations can exhibit symptoms of localized incompatibility after several years without any other symptoms. These localized symptoms are characterized by anatomical irregularities at the union interface (Zarrouk et al, 2006) and with breaks in cambial and vascular continuity (Mosse, 1962). The abnormal functioning of the newly formed cambium causes an invagination of the cambial zone, a differentiation of parenchymatous tissue in the place of xylem (Deloire and Hébant, 1983;Gur et al, 1968), and a lack of lignification of cells interlocked at the graft union (Hartman et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Changes in Cell/Tissue Organization and Peroxidase Activity as Markers for Early Detection of Graft Incompatibility in Peach/Plum Combinations

Zarrouk¹,

Testillano²,

Risueño³

et al. 2010

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Changes in cell and tissue organization and in peroxidase activity have been analyzed to find early markers to predict graft incompatibility occurrence in peach/plum combinations (Prunus persica/Prunus spp.) at 5 months after grafting in the dormancy period. Different compatible and incompatible peach/plum grafts were grown for 5 months in a nursery. The cellular study of the graft interface revealed structural changes associated with graft incompatibility symptoms. The main structural features were cambium cell disorganization, less differentiation of vascular tissues, degeneration of phloem and xylem cells, and accumulation of phenols at the graft interface after 5 months of graft development. The peroxidase study was performed during dormancy and the vegetative growth period, and revealed a significant increase in peroxidase activity in the incompatible unions, with significant differences between compatible and incompatible grafts. Analysis of gel profiles of nonbudded rootstocks and scions revealed an anodal isoperoxidase band [relative front (Rf) = 0.48] present in scions and compatible rootstocks, and another isoperoxidase band (Rf = 0.53) only present in the incompatible rootstocks. Our results show that the analysis of cell organization to detect early structural events and the evaluation of peroxidase activity at graft unions constituted feasible and convenient methods for early diagnosis of graft incompatibility. Also, it was suggested that the presence of band Rf = 0.48 in plum rootstocks and peach cultivars could be used as a marker to predict graft compatibility for peach scions and plum rootstocks.

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Graft Compatibility Between Peach Cultivars and Prunus Rootstocks

Cited by 66 publications

References 27 publications

Growth characteristics and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in peach grafted on different Prunus spp.

Growth characteristics and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in peach grafted on different Prunus spp.

Inheritance of resistance to the peach root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne floridensis) in interspecific crosses between peach (Prunus persica) and its wild relative (Prunus kansuensis)

Changes in Cell/Tissue Organization and Peroxidase Activity as Markers for Early Detection of Graft Incompatibility in Peach/Plum Combinations

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