Grafting and Solubilization of Redox‐Active Organic Materials for Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries

Chen, Ruiyong; Zhang, Peng; Chang, Zhenjun; Yan, Junfeng; Kraus, Tobias

doi:10.1002/cssc.202201993

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Therefore, the redox process responsible for charge transfer kinetics was escalated by switching from NS unit of the modified electrode. [13][14][15] The impact of scan rate on RGO-NS/GCE is shown in Fig. S4 by taking successive scans of CV from 30 mV s −1 to 100 mV s −1 in 0.01 M [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3−/4− electrolytic solution and the linear plot of I p vs V 1/2 was obtained from Randles-Sevcik equation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 However, these redox active organic molecules have some inherent disadvantages, including lower conductivity and solubilization in aqueous electrolytes. 15 These issues can be resolved by incorporating organic molecules with carbon-based materials via the extended conjugated configuration. Carbon-based materials not only act as conductive substrates, but they can also attach small organic molecules to the surface, avoiding the detrimental shuttle effect and internal energy loss induced by dissolved organic species.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fluorenone Decorated RGO Based Electrochemical Sensor for Rapid Detection of Chlorpyrifos in Vegetable and Soil Samples

Neha¹,

Kaur²,

Kumari³

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A novel synthetically accessible electrochemical sensor has been developed for the detection of chlorpyrifos (CPS) at a very minimal level by utilizing a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with RGO functionalized fluorenone derivative (RGO-NS). The structural and morphological aspects of the derived composite were assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and density functional theory with in-depth electrochemical analysis. The fluorenone appended with distinct functionalities has supported the reversible redox reactions of CPS, thus, boosting the specificity of the sensor. The design of the electrochemical sensors involved functionalization of RGO possessing high adsorption capacity, which has further amplified the electrochemical sensitivity. The sensing response has been credited to the reduction associated with hydrogen ion which on addition of CPS gets quenched due to catalytic reaction between the two. The synergy has resulted in the low detection limit of 8.89 ng ml-1 for CPS along with reliable detection of CPS in soil samples without spiking. The framework has the excellent future prospects in the practical management of pernicious pesticides usually employed in agricultural fields and their residues on food products posing a serious danger to human health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Fluorenone Decorated RGO Based Electrochemical Sensor for Rapid Detection of Chlorpyrifos in Vegetable and Soil Samples

Neha¹,

Kaur²,

Kumari³

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…2 Recently, surfactant-based structured electrolytes have been explored as alternative means of solubilizing organic redox compounds in conductive aqueous solutions. 3,4 We demonstrated the first microemulsion redox flow battery (μERFB) as proof of concept and identified key areas to target for improving performance. 5 In μERFBs, organic redox couples are solubilized in an organic phase mixed with a conductive aqueous phase using surfactants.…”

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confidence: 99%

Surfactant Effects in Porous Electrodes for Microemulsion Redox Flow Batteries

Barth,

Wood,

Albenice

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The effect of surfactant additives on electrochemical behavior in porous electrodes was investigated using vanadium redox flow battery half-cells and the dependence of volumetric kinetics and mass transport on electrolyte, surfactant, and electrode type was explored. Without surfactant added, carbon paper electrodes demonstrated greater kinetics and transport compared to carbon felt, for a given electrolyte. Additionally, posolyte kinetics are greater than negolyte kinetics by one to three orders of magnitude, depending on the electrode type. Addition of surfactant increased electrode wettability and possibly electrochemical surface area. However, this was accompanied by a decrease in volumetric mass transport, due to stronger electrolyte-electrode interactions. The presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) influenced posolyte and negolyte kinetics differently. Kinetics showed a dependence on electrode type and surfactant. On carbon felt, volumetric kinetics decreased for both posolyte and negolyte with SDS addition. On carbon paper, SDS decreased volumetric kinetics for the posolyte but increased (>2X) kinetics for the negolyte! This kinetic enhancement depends on surfactant chemistry: cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, a cationic surfactant, failed to increase kinetics. Furthermore, SDS did not increase areal specific resistance. These findings show the superior performance of carbon paper compared to carbon felt and suggest SDS as a possible VRFB negolyte additive

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Micellar Solubilization for High‐Energy‐Density Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

Kim,

Kwon,

Park

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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High solubility of active materials is crucial for achieving a high‐energy‐density catholyte/anolyte in redox flow batteries. However, solubility largely depends on the compatibility with electrolyte, limiting the types of redox‐active materials that can be used in aqueous electrolytes. Herein, a universal strategy is introduced to attain a high solubility of active materials regardless of the compatibility with aqueous electrolytes while preserving their intrinsic redox activity via micellar solubilization. Leveraging the amphiphilic nature of surfactant molecules, insoluble redox‐active materials are encapsulated by surfactants to be dissolvable with significant solubility. As a demonstration, it is showed that an order‐of‐magnitude solubility enhancement can be achieved for (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)oxyl (TEMPO) in aqueous catholyte (≈0.8 m). Consequently, the catholyte performance of TEMPO is fully harnessed, leading to an energy density enhancement of more than ten times compared to that in bare electrolyte. It is also observed that micellar solubilization unexpectedly improves the cycle stability, attributed to the mitigation of intermolecular side reactions and reduced crossover. Finally, the fundamental electrochemical reaction mechanism of micelle‐encapsulated TEMPO is discussed. This strategy offers a new insight regarding the solubility and stability of the catholyte/anolyte, and is expected to be applicable to other redox‐active molecules, opening up an unexplored micellar chemistry in redox flow batteries.

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Grafting and Solubilization of Redox‐Active Organic Materials for Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries

Cited by 8 publications

References 72 publications

Fluorenone Decorated RGO Based Electrochemical Sensor for Rapid Detection of Chlorpyrifos in Vegetable and Soil Samples

Fluorenone Decorated RGO Based Electrochemical Sensor for Rapid Detection of Chlorpyrifos in Vegetable and Soil Samples

Surfactant Effects in Porous Electrodes for Microemulsion Redox Flow Batteries

Micellar Solubilization for High‐Energy‐Density Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

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